Abstract: A thermometer has at least one temperature sensor, having a physical variable which changes in a characteristic manner depending on temperature, at least one electrical output for emitting a signal which is a measure for the value of the variable, a transmitter for a sound wave or an electromagnetic wave, which transmitter can be coupled to the temperature sensor and controlled thereby depending on the variable's value, or can radiate the wave at least in part towards the temperature sensor, the wave-temperature sensor interaction depending on the variable's value, and either a wave receiver, which reconverts the wave into an electrical signal, or another unit for converting the wave-temperature sensor interaction into an electrical signal, connected to the electrical output.

Abstract: A voltage sensor includes an insulator with mutually insulated electrodes embedded therein. The electrodes are coaxial and cylindrical and overlap axially along part of their lengths. They are mutually staggered and control the surfaces of electric equipotential such that there is a substantially homogeneous electric field outside the insulator and a substantially homogeneous but higher field within a sensing cavity within the insulator. A field sensor is arranged within the sensing cavity to measure the field. This design allows for the production of compact voltage sensors for high voltage applications.

Abstract: A voltage sensor includes an insulator with mutually insulated electrodes embedded therein. The electrodes are coaxial and cylindrical and overlap axially along part of their lengths. They are mutually staggered and control the surfaces of electric equipotential such that there is a substantially homogeneous electric field outside the insulator and a substantially homogeneous but higher field within a sensing cavity within the insulator. A field sensor is arranged within the sensing cavity to locally measure the field. This design allows for the production of compact voltage sensors for high voltage applications.

Abstract: An application temperature pickup device is provided for autonomously measuring the temperature of a thermal-energy-having container, with a housing to be secured to the container, a temperature sensor which measures the temperature of a measuring surface of the outer wall of the container and rests thereon, and associated electronics which are arranged in the housing, as well as a thermoelectric generator which conducts away through the flow of heat the thermal energy of a tapping surface of the outer wall of the container and which has the purpose of supplying energy to the temperature sensor and the electronics, wherein the measuring surface is arranged separated from the tapping surface by a distance in order to reduce the exchange of heat with the tapping surface.

Abstract: Two transversely poled fibers are disclosed which can be wound around a holder with their poling directions being anti-parallel. A coupling exchanges the polarization directions of the modes of the fibers. Thermally and mechanically caused birefringence changes can thereby be substantially cancelled, while electrical field induced birefringence changes can be added, to provide a more robust high voltage measuring device.

Abstract: Two transversely poled fibers are disclosed which can be wound around a holder with their poling directions being anti-parallel. A coupling exchanges the polarization directions of the modes of the fibers. Thermally and mechanically caused birefringence changes can thereby be substantially cancelled, while electrical field induced birefringence changes can be added, to provide a more robust high voltage measuring device.