Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method including the following steps: a) forming a waveguide from a first material, the waveguide being configured to guide an optical signal; b) forming a layer made of a second material that is electrically conductive and transparent to a wavelength of the optical signal, steps a) and b) being implemented such that the layer made of the second material is in contact with at least one of the faces of the waveguide, or is separated from the at least one of the faces by a distance of less than half, preferably less than a quarter, of the wavelength of the optical signal. The application further relates to a phase modulator, in particular obtained by such a method.

Abstract: The present disclosure concerns a fluid dosing valve displaced by an electric actuator generating the translation of a shutter, the electric actuator including a multiphase motor including a stator having a plurality of wound poles formed by stacking a plurality of sheets and a rotor including a transmission transforming rotational movement into the linear movement of an output member, a non-magnetic sleeve insulating the rotor from the stator, and magneto-sensitive elements for detecting the position of the rotor. These magneto-sensitive elements are placed on the outside of the sleeve and sense the position of the rotor through the insulating sleeve.

Abstract: A process for hydrodesulphurizing gasoline cuts is carried out in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least one group VIII element, at least one group VIB element, and a support with a specific surface area of less than about 200 m2/g, wherein the density of the group VIB elements per unit surface area of the support is in the range 4×10?4 to 36×10?4 g of group VIB element oxides per m2 of the support.

Abstract: Conducting the hydrodesulphurization of gasoline cuts in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least one support, at least one element of group VIII and tungsten, in which the atomic ratio (element of group VIII)/(element of group VIII+tungsten) is greater than 0.15 and less than 0.50, preferably 0.35–0.40 inclusive.

Abstract: Process for the hydrodesulphurization of gasoline cuts in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least one support, at least one element of group VII and tungsten, in which the atomic ratio (element of group VIII)/(element of group VIII+tungsten) is greater than 0.15 and less than 0.50.

Abstract: A process for hydrodesulphurizing gasoline cuts is carried out in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least one group VIII element, at least one group VIB element, and a support with a specific surface area of less than about 200 m2/g, wherein the density of the group VIB elements per unit surface area of the support is in the range 4×10−4 to 36×10−4 g of group VIB element oxides per m2 of the support.