Abstract: The rate of a biomolecular reaction, such as an enzymatic reaction or an affinity binding reaction, is measured using electrochemiluminescence (“ECL”). The reaction is conducted in an electrochemical cell with a mixture of reagents including a luminophore which will relate the concentration of a reactant, a reaction partner or the reaction product of a reaction partner to the ECL intensity. The reaction partner is a reagent which reacts with the reactant and which participates with the luminophore (or its reaction product participates with the luminophore) to cause the emission of ECL. The ECL intensity is modulated with a series of electrical pulses which are applied to the mixture of reagents at a preselected potential and for preselected intervals of time and duration. The ECL intensity is measured at the same intervals to provide a timed series of values (P).

Abstract: The invention is a method for conducting an electrochemiluminescent assay that includes contacting a sample containing an analyte of interest with a first electrical waveform, followed by contacting the sample with a second electrical waveform that has been modulated in an amount derived from a pre-determined gain extension factor.

Abstract: The rate of a biomolecular reaction, such as an enzymatic reaction or an affinity binding reaction, is measured using electrochemiluminescence ("ECL"). The reaction is conducted in an electrochemical cell with a mixture of reagents including a luminophore which will relate the concentration of a reactant, a reaction partner or the reaction product of a reaction partner to the ECL intensity. The reaction partner is a reagent which reacts with the reactant and which participates with the luminophore (or its reaction product participates with the luminophore) to cause the emission of ECL. The ECL intensity is modulated with a series of electrical pulses which are applied to the mixture of reagents at a preselected potential and for preselected intervals of time and duration. The ECL intensity is measured at the same intervals to provide a timed series of values (P).