Abstract: Described herein are quaternary ammonium polymers and interpenetrating polymer networks and compositions thereof with broad spectrum antimicrobial properties that produce fast acting, long lasting, non-toxic and non-allergenic colorless and transparent durable surface coatings that are resistant to water and common solvents. The surface coatings are easy and cost effective to produce from readily-available materials using versatile synthesis enabling a wide range of chemical variations. They are readily applied to a wide range of surfaces and materials, and no materials leach out of the coatings.

Abstract: Described herein are quaternary ammonium polymers with broad spectrum antimicrobial properties that produce fast acting, long lasting, non-toxic and nonallergenic colorless and transparent durable surface coatings that are resistant to water and common solvents. The surface coatings are easy and cost effective to produce from readily-available materials using versatile synthesis, enabling a wide range of chemical variations. Such coatings are readily applicable to a wide range of surfaces and materials, without leaching of material from the coatings.

Abstract: A system and method for purchasing goods and services related to a media stream, such as a radio or television broadcast, where a broadcast receiver receives a media stream. A person purchases the goods and services by indicating on a device the desire to purchase. The device can capture a portion of the media stream from the broadcast receiver The device analyzes directly or requests analysis of the media stream from a remote device to determine the goods or services associated with the stream. The device selectively records the purchase data for the goods and services, and relays the purchase data to one or more servers that selectively receive and verify the purchase data. The transmission of the purchase data from the device can occur at the time of purchase, or at some other predetermined period or location.

Abstract: A system and method for purchasing goods and services related to broadcast media, such a radio or television broadcast, where a broadcast receiver receives a media including information relating to goods and services that can be purchased by persons receiving the media. A person purchases the goods and services by indicating at the broadcast receiver a desire to purchase, and the broadcast receiver selectively records the purchase data for the goods and services and relays the purchase data to one or more servers that selectively receive and verify the purchase data. The transmission of the purchase data from the receiver can occur at the time of purchase, or at some other predetermined period or location.

Abstract: A smart card reader includes a smart card holder that is mounted to a PCMCIA card at a ninety-degree angle. The upstanding position of the smart card holder makes it easier for users to insert smart cards into it. Moreover, the position of the smart card holder enables connectors for cellular telephones, modems, network cards and the like to be connected in an adjacent PCMCIA slot without interfering with the operation of the smart card reader. Moreover, the provision of a separate smart card holder frees space within the PCMCIA card for housing a modem or other device performing electrical functions. In this way, a single smart card reader provides two or more separate functions, neither of which interferes physically with adjacent PCMCIA cards. As such, electronics for cellular telephones, modems, network connections and the like may be incorporated into the PCMCIA portion of the reader with connectors for these applications being on the trailing end of a smart card reader's PCMCIA card.