Abstract: A pleating method comprises disposing a filter material on a support surface and compressing a portion of the filter material between first and second pleating surfaces to form a pleat, where at least one of the pleating surfaces is curved or extends at an acute angle with respect to a support surface.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fluid treatment element, such as a filter element, operable in a dead end mode or a crossflow mode. In certain embodiments, the fluid treatment element includes a multilayer composite formed into axially extending pleats. In certain other embodiments, adjoining pleats are in a laid-over state and pressed against each other over a substantial portion of their height. The fluid treatment element can be compact yet have a large surface area available for fluid treatment. Also disclosed are a fluid treatment element and a method, particularly an all fluoropolymer fluid treatment element and a method, for diffusively transferring material from one fluid stream to another fluid stream, for example, for transferring ozone into water. Further disclosed are a device and method for crossflow cleaning of fluid treatment elements.

Abstract: A fluid treatment element is adapted for cross flow filtration which includes a fluid treatment pack having first and second lengthwise ends, a fluid treatment layer that may be pleated, a first mesh layer disposed on a first side of the fluid treatment layer and a second mesh layer disposed on the second side of the treatment layer, the element defining a flow path for a process fluid to be treated passing in a lengthwise direction of the fluid treatment element inside the first mesh layer and a flow path for permeate passing through the second mesh layer. The first mesh layer may open onto the first lengthwise end with the second mesh layer including sealant at the first lengthwise end such that fluid can flow through the first lengthwise end into the first mesh layer but not into the second mesh layer. The element may include a core having a blind region in which fluid cannot pass therethrough and at least one regions where fluid can pass through the core.

Abstract: A shear separation system or method uses shear lift forces and permeate drag forces to separate substances having a size less than a predetermined separation size from substances having a size greater than the separation size. The balance of the drag forces and lift forces affects a predetermined separation size in that the balance of forces reads the transmembrane passage of substances larger than the separation size yet allows substances smaller than the separation size to pass through the permeable membrane. The shear separation device, method and system can be employed to separate or concentrate from a process fluid substances larger or smaller than the predetermined separation size.

Abstract: A porous metal filter possessing enhanced anticorrosive properties is provided including sintered metal particles composed of an alloy composition of iron aluminide having a range in concentration corresponding to Fe3Al to FeAl phases and having a Bubble Point ratio of about 1.6 or less.

Abstract: A method for removing iron-containing contaminants from condensate from a power generating plant includes passing the condensate through a plurality of pleated filter elements contained within a housing, including direct the condensate through a pleated hydrophilic film comprising ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. The invention is capable of removing fine particulate matter and provides long filtration cycles between backwashing.

Abstract: A shear separation system or method uses shear lift forces and permeate drag forces to separate substances having a size less than a predetermined separation size from substances having a size greater than the separation size. The balance of the drag forces and lift forces affects a predetermined separation size in that the balance of forces retards the transmembrane passage of substances larger than the separation size yet allows substances smaller than the separation size to pass through the permeable membrane.

Abstract: A filter includes a cylindrical pleated filter element having a longitudinal axis, an inner and outer periphery, first and second end surfaces, and a plurality of longitudinal pleats. First and second end elements are sealingly arranged with the first and second end surfaces, wherein at least one of the end elements is an open end element. The filter element is a pleated composite that includes a filter medium, an upstream drainage medium and a downstream drainage medium. Each pleat includes a crown, a root, and a pair of legs. The legs of each pleat are joined to one another at the crown of the pleat and are joined to the legs of adjacent pleats at the root of the pleat. Each pleat leg abuts an adjacent pleat leg along the inner periphery of the filter element and the pleats extend from the inner periphery in a curved, an arcuate, an angled, or a straight nonradial direction to the outer periphery.

Abstract: An apparatus for use in processing fluids includes a tubular porous element, a housing disposed about the porous element, and grooves and passages disposed between the housing and the porous element.

Abstract: An apparatus for use in processing fluids includes a tubular porous element, a housing disposed about the porous element, and grooves and passages disposed between the housing and the porous element.

Abstract: A filter capable of being used in subterranean environments includes a filter medium. An erosion barrier is disposed along a common flow path with the filter medium for preventing erosion by particles in a fluid being filtered.

Abstract: A damage-resistant filter for use in subterranean wells has at least one layer of a filter medium, such as a sintered supported porous membrane, coaxially disposed about a perforated support member. The filter may also include a drainage layer disposed between the inner support member and the filter medium, and a protective covering, such as a perforated cage, surrounding the filter medium. The filter is particularly suitable for removal of sand and other particulates from fluids produced in a well.

Abstract: A filter for subterranean environments includes an inner support member capable of transporting a fluid in an axial direction thereof, a filter body disposed around the inner support member and including a filter medium, and one or more end connectors surrounding the inner support member and each connected to an end of the filter body. Each end connector has a structure such that it can be installed on an inner support member having lengthwise ends with an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the end connector. According to one form of the invention, an end connector comprises a plurality of arcuate sections which are combined to surround the inner support member and are immobilized with respect to each other. According to another form of the invention, an end connector comprises a split annulus having two circumferential ends.

Abstract: A filter includes a cylindrical filter element having a longitudinal axis, first and second end surfaces, and a plurality of longitudinal pleats. Each of the pleats has a pair of legs with first and second surfaces. The pleats are in a laid-over state in which the first surface of each leg is in intimate contact with the first surface of an adjoining leg and the second surface of each leg is in intimate contact with the second surface of an adjoining leg over substantially the entire height of each leg and over a continuous region extending for at least approximately 50% of the axial length of the filter element. An impervious end cap is connected to the first end surface of the filter element.

Abstract: A filter includes a cylindrical filter element having a longitudinal axis, first and second end surfaces, and a plurality of longitudinal pleats. Each of the pleats has a pair of legs with first and second surfaces. The pleats are in a laid-over state in which the first surface of each leg is in intimate contact with the first surface of an adjoining leg and the second surface of each leg is in intimate contact with the second surface of an adjoining leg over substantially the entire height of each leg and over a continuous region extending for at least approximately 50% of the axial length of the filter element. An impervious end cap is connected to the first end surface of the filter element.

Abstract: A filter includes a cylindrical filter element having a longitudinal axis, first and second end surfaces, and a plurality of longitudinal pleats. Each of the pleats has a pair of legs with first and second surfaces. The pleats are in a laid-over state in which the first surface of each leg is in intimate contact with the first surface of an adjoining leg and the second surface of each leg is in intimate contact with the second surface of an adjoining leg over substantially the entire height of each leg and over a continuous region extending for at least approximately 50% of the axial length of the filter element. An impervious end cap is connected to the first end surface of the filter element.

Abstract: A damage-resistant filter for use in subterranean wells has at least one layer of a filter medium, such as a sintered supported porous membrane, coaxially disposed about a perforated support member. The filter may also include a drainage layer disposed between the inner support member and the filter medium, and a protective covering, such as a perforated cage, surrounding the filter medium. The filter is particularly suitable for removal of sand and other particulates from fluids produced in a well.

Abstract: A filter includes a cylindrical filter element having a longitudinal axis, first and second end surfaces, and a plurality of longitudinal pleats. Each of the pleats has a pair of legs with first and second surfaces. The pleats are in a laid-over state in which the first surface of each leg is in intimate contact with the first surface of an adjoining leg and the second surface of each leg is in intimate contact with the second surface of an adjoining leg over substantially the entire height of each leg and over a continuous region extending for at least approximately 50% of the axial length of the filter element. An impervious end cap is connected to the first end surface of the filter element.

Abstract: A battery electrode is provided comprising a porous, pleated metal structure, preferably comprising nickel as its substrate.

Abstract: The disclosure describes a filter arrangement comprising a fitting and a filter assembly. The filter assembly includes an end tap and the end cap has a wall defining a bore. The fitting and the wall of the bore are fitted to one another by thermal expansion and contraction under elastic stress. At least one of the fitting and the wall of the bore has a non-reentrant shape shaped to resist longitudinal movement on the fitting within the bore and longitudinally secure and seal the filter assembly to the fitting.