Abstract: Phenylalanine enamide derivatives of formula (1) are described: wherein R1 is a group Ar1L2Ar2Alk— in which: Ar1 is an optionally substituted aromatic or heteroaromatic group; L2 is a covalent bond or a linker atom or group; Ar2 is an optionally substituted arylene or heteroarylene group; and Alk is a chain —CH2—CH(R)—, —CH?C(R)— or in which R is a carboxylic acid (—CO2H) or a derivative or biostere thereof; X is an —0— or —S— atom or —N(R2)— group in which: Rx, Ry and Rz which may be the same or different is each a hydrogen atom or an optional substituent; or Rz is an atom or group as previously defined and Rx and Ry are joined together to form an optionally substituted spiro linked cycloaliphatic or heterocycloaliphatic group; and the salts, solvates, hydrates and N-oxides thereof.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for achieving in vivo islet cell regeneration in subjects with preexisting diabetes. The methods comprise short term treatment with a composition having a gastrin/cholecystokinin receptor ligand and an EGF receptor ligand. Treatment with such a composition for a short term resulted in a prolonged period of increased insulin release, decreased fasting blood glucose, and improved glucose tolerance, the prolonged efficacy, the period being considered from the time of cessation of treatment.

Abstract: Phenylalanine enamide derivatives of formula (1) are described: wherein R1 is a group Ar1L2Ar2Alk— in which: Ar1 is an optionally substituted aromatic or heteroaromatic group; L2 is a covalent bond or a linker atom or group; Ar2 is an optionally substituted arylene or heteroarylene group; and Alk is a chain in which R is a carboxylic acid (—CO2H) or a derivative or biostere thereof; X is an —O— or —S— atom or —N(R2)— group in which: Rx, Ry and Rz which may be the same or different is each a hydrogen atom or an optional substituent; or Rz is an atom or group as previously defined and Rx and Ry are joined together to form an optionally substituted spiro linked cycloaliphatic or heterocycloaliphatic group; and the salts, solvates, hydrates and N-oxides thereof. The compounds are able to inhibit the binding of integrins to their ligands and are of use in the prophylaxis and treatment of immuno or inflammatory disorders or disorders involving the inappropriate growth or migration of cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to systems and methods for audio processing. For example, the present invention provides systems and methods for receiving live speech, converting the speech to text, and transferring the text to a user. As desired, the speech or text can be translated into one or more different languages. Systems and methods for real-time conversion and transmission of speech and text are provided.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for islet neogenesis therapy comprising a member of a group of factors that complement a gastrin/CCK receptor ligand, with formulations, devices and methods for sustained release delivery and for local delivery to target organs.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for islet neogenesis therapy comprising an EGF and a gastrin in combination with immune suppression, and for treating or preventing early stage diabetes with a gastrin/CCK receptor ligand and an immunosuppressant are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to systems and methods for audio processing. For example, the present invention provides systems and methods for creating standardized text for streaming text application from a variety of different speech-to-text software formats and systems and methods for interfacing a stenographic computer with an electronic communications network.

Abstract: The invention provides non-oxidative methods for the large scale manufacture of pyridoxamine (I) (4-aminomethyl-3-hydroxy-5-hydroxymethyl-2-methylpyridine): The invention also provides intermediate compounds for the synthesis of pyridoxamine, as well as compositions and methods for the treatment and/or prevention of conditions associated with the formation of post-Amadori advanced glycation end-products.

Abstract: Phenylalanine enamide derivatives of formula (1) are described: wherein R1 is a group Ar1L2Ar2Alk- in which: Ar1 is an optionally substituted aromatic or heteroaromatic group; L2 is a covalent bond or a linker atom or group; Ar2 is an optionally substituted arylene or heteroarylene group; and Alk is a chain —CH2—CH(R)—, —CH?C(R)— or ?in which R is a carboxylic acid (—CO2H) or a derivative or biostere thereof; X is an —O— or —S— atom or —N(R2)— group in which: Rx, Ry and Rz which may be the same or different is each a hydrogen atom or an optional substituent; or Rz is an atom or group as previously defined and Rx and Ry are joined together to form an optionally substituted spiro linked cycloaliphatic or heterocycloaliphatic group; and the salts, solvates, hydrates and N-oxides thereof.

Abstract: Phenylalanine enamide derivatives of formula (1) are described: wherein R1 is a —CH3, —(CH2)3CH3, —CH2CH2OH, —CH2CH2OCH3, —CH2CH2OCH2CH2OH, —CH2CH2OCH2CH2OCH3, group; and the salts, solvates and N-oxides thereof. Compounds according to the invention are potent and selective inhibitors of ?4 integrins. The compounds are of use in modulating cell adhesion and in particular are of use in the prophylaxis and treatment of diseases or disorders including inflammation in which the extravasation of leukocytes plays a role and the invention extends to such a use and to the use of the compounds for the manufacture of a medicament for treating such diseases or disorders.

Abstract: Phenylalanine enamide derivatives of formula (1) are described: wherein R1 is a group Ar1L2Ar2Alk- in which: Ar1 is an optionally substituted aromatic or heteroaromatic group; L2 is a covalent bond or a linker atom or group; Ar2 is an optionally substituted arylene or heteroarylene group; and Alk is a chain in which R is a carboxylic acid (—CO2H) or a derivative or biostere thereof; X is an —O— or —S— atom or —N(R2)— group in which: Rx, Ry and Rz which may be the same or different is each a hydrogen atom or an optional substituent; or Rz is an atom or group as previously defined and Rx and Ry are joined together to form an optionally substituted spiro linked cycloaliphatic or heterocycloaliphatic group; and the salts, solvates, hydrates and N-oxides thereof. The compounds are able to inhibit the binding of integrins to their ligands and are of use in the prophylaxis and treatment of immuno or inflammatory disorders or disorders involving the inappropriate growth or migration of cells.

Abstract: Phenylalanine enamide derivatives of formula (1) are described: wherein R1 is a —CH(CH3)2, —(CH2)2CH3, —CH2C(CH3)3, —CH2CH2OH, —CH2CH2OCH3, —CH2CH2OCH2CH2OH, —CH2CH2OCH2CH2OCH3, group; and the salts, solvates and N-oxides thereof. Compounds according to the invention are potent and selective inhibitors of &agr;4 integrins. The compounds are of use in modulating cell adhesion and in particular are of use in the prophylaxis and treatment of diseases or disorders including inflammation in which the extravasation of leukocytes plays a role and the invention extends to such a use and to the use of the compounds for the manufacture of a medicament for treating such diseases or disorders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to systems and methods for audio processing. For example, the present invention provides systems and methods for receiving live speech, converting the speech to text, and transferring the text to a user. As desired, the speech or text can be translated into one or more different languages. Systems and methods for real-time conversion and transmission of speech and text are provided. The present invention further provides a means of displaying, accumulating, and manipulating transmitted text within a distinct viewing field on a receiving device such as a computer, and a means of transmitting software faciliated the transmission, display, accumulation, and manipulation of text.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (1) are described: in which X is an —O— or —S— atom or —N(R2)— group and R1 is a group Ar1L2Ar2Alk- in which Ar1 is an optionally substituted aromatic or heteroaromatic group, L2 is a covalent bond or a linker atom or group, Ar2 is an optionally substituted bicyclic heteroarylene group and Alk is a chain —CH2—CH(R)—, —CH═C(R)—, OR—CH(CH2R)— or which R is a carboxylic acid (—CO2H) or a derivative or biostere thereof. The compounds are selective inhibitors of alpha 4 integrins such as &agr;4&bgr;1 and are of use in modulating cell adhesion for the prophylaxis or treatment of inflammatory diseases or disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis, in which the extravasculation of leukocytes plays a role.

Abstract: Phenylalanine enamide derivatives of formula (1) are described: 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to systems and methods for audio processing. For example, the present invention provides systems and methods for receiving live speech, converting the speech to text, and transferring the text to a user. As desired, the speech or text can be translated into one or more different languages. Systems and methods for real-time conversion and transmission of speech and text are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to systems and methods for audio processing. For example, the present invention provides systems and methods for receiving live speech, converting the speech to text, and transferring the text to a user. As desired, the speech or text can be translated into one or more different languages. Systems and methods for real-time conversion and transmission of speech and text are provided.

Abstract: This invention is directed to treating ischemia by administering proteasome inhibitors, ubiquitin pathway inhibitors, agents that interfere with the activation of NF-&kgr;B via the ubiquitin proteasome pathway, or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for reducing the rate of degradation of proteins in an animal comprising contacting cells of the animal with certain proteasome inhibitors. The structure of the inhibitors are also disclosed.