Abstract: The invention is a process for the purification of ethanol. In one embodiment the process comprises boiling a degassed beer feed (106) in a pre-boiler (110) to provide a vapor by-pass fraction (112) that by-passes the conventional beer column and is fed into the rectifier column (124). The process allows free capacity in the rectifier column of new or established plants to be filled by ethanol-water vapor and/or condensate streams that do not originate from the beer column.

Abstract: A process for reducing fluorosurfactant content of a stabilized fluorosurfactant-containing aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion comprising contacting the stabilized fluorosurfactant-containing aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion with an anion exchange resin comprising a polymer and quaternary ammonium functional groups to reduce fluorosurfactant content, the functional groups being resistant to degradation which releases trialkylamines. The anion exchange resin is separated from the dispersion after the fluorosurfactant content has been reduced.

Abstract: A composition and a process for producing the composition are disclosed. The composition comprises an alphahydroxyacid and one or more metals in which the metal is present in lower than about 1,000 ?g/kg of the composition. The process comprising contacting an acidic ion exchange resin with an aqueous composition comprising a soluble alphahydroxyacid and a total metal concentration, individual metal concentration, or both, higher than that desired to produce a resin-treated alphahydroxyacid solution having reduced total metal concentration. Also disclosed is a process that can be used for cleaning or removing residues from semiconductor substrates and/or equipment by using a solution, which comprises an alphahydroxyacid.