Abstract: Composite cushioning structures with spatially variable cushioning properties and related materials and methods for producing same are disclosed. In one embodiment, gradient property foam (GPF) is provided and comprised of a two or more phase composite cushioning structure comprised of a spatially variable disposition of one or more second non-solid phase cushioning component into a first solid phase cellular cushioning component to control the local cushioning properties of the final composite cushioning structure. The second cushioning component(s) can be selected to exhibit other cushioning properties when in solid form from the cushioning properties of the first cellular cushioning component in this embodiment. In one embodiment, the second cushioning component(s) can undergo a transition from the non-solid phase into a solid phase within the first cellular cushioning component to form a bond with the first cellular cushioning component to form the composite cushioning structure.