Abstract: A cooling system for transferring heat from a heat load to an environment has a volatile working fluid. The cooling system includes first and second cooling cycles that are thermally connected to the first cooling cycle. The first cooling cycle is not a vapor compression cycle and includes a pump, an air-to-fluid heat exchanger, and a fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger. The second cooling cycle can include a chilled water system for transferring heat from the fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger to the environment. Alternatively, the second cooling cycle can include a vapor compression system for transferring heat from the fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger to the environment.

Abstract: A cooling system for transferring heat from a heat load to an environment has a volatile working fluid. The cooling system includes first and second cooling cycles that are thermally connected to the first cooling cycle. The first cooling cycle is not a vapor compression cycle and includes a pump, an air-to-fluid heat exchanger, and a fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger. The second cooling cycle can include a chilled water system for transferring heat from the fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger to the environment. Alternatively, the second cooling cycle can include a vapor compression system for transferring heat from the fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger to the environment.

Abstract: A cooling system for transferring heat from a heat load to an environment has a volatile working fluid. The cooling system includes first and second cooling cycles that are thermally connected to the first cooling cycle. The first cooling cycle is not a vapor compression cycle and includes a pump, an air-to-fluid heat exchanger, and a fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger. The second cooling cycle can include a chilled water system for transferring heat from the fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger to the environment. Alternatively, the second cooling cycle can include a vapor compression system for transferring heat from the fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger to the environment.

Abstract: A cooling system for transferring heat from a heat load to an environment has a volatile working fluid. The cooling system includes first and second cooling cycles that are thermally connected to the first cooling cycle. The first cooling cycle is not a vapor compression cycle and includes a pump, an air-to-fluid heat exchanger, and a fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger. The second cooling cycle can include a chilled water system for transferring heat from the fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger to the environment. Alternatively, the second cooling cycle can include a vapor compression system for transferring heat from the fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger to the environment.

Abstract: A cooling system for transferring heat from a heat load to an environment has a volatile working fluid. The cooling system includes first and second cooling cycles that are thermally connected to the first cooling cycle. The first cooling cycle is not a vapor compression cycle and includes a pump, an air-to-fluid heat exchanger, and a fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger. The second cooling cycle can include a chilled water system for transferring heat from the fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger to the environment. Alternatively, the second cooling cycle can include a vapor compression system for transferring heat from the fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger to the environment.

Abstract: A cooling system for transferring heat from a heat load to an environment has a volatile working fluid. The cooling system includes first and second cooling cycles that are thermally connected to the first cooling cycle. The first cooling cycle is not a vapor compression cycle and includes a pump, an air-to-fluid heat exchanger, and a fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger. The second cooling cycle can include a chilled water system for transferring heat from the fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger to the environment. Alternatively, the second cooling cycle can include a vapor compression system for transferring heat from the fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger to the environment.

Abstract: A cooling system for transferring heat from a heat load to an environment has a volatile working fluid. The cooling system includes first and second cooling cycles that are thermally connected to the first cooling cycle. The first cooling cycle is not a vapor compression cycle and includes a pump, an air-to-fluid heat exchanger, and a fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger. The second cooling cycle can include a chilled water system for transferring heat from the fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger to the environment. Alternatively, the second cooling cycle can include a vapor compression system for transferring heat from the fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger to the environment.

Abstract: A redundant, dual circuit air conditioning apparatus is provided for communications enclosures which is wall mounted thereon. A conditioned air housing is provided having a blower chamber which contains two air circulation blowers thrusting air into the enclosure and having freely pivotal ducts which operate in mutual cooperation in response to pressure variations between the chamber and the enclosure. Internested evaporator coils of two discrete refrigeration circuits share common fin connections for efficiency and each includes a dual line input performing in conjunction with an expansion valve and a simple Y distribution fitting coupled to those lines which achieves requisite pressure drops at low cost.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved air conditioning system of the type having a refrigerant which sequentially flows through compressor means, condenser means in heat exchange relationship with outdoor air, expansion means, and evaporator means for the direct or indirect cooling of air in a confined space for maintaining the confined air space at a desired set point of temperature and/or humidity. The improvement for maintaining said set point of temperature and/or humidity of the confined space at variable heat loads therein and at variable outdoor air temperature comprises variable speed compressor means responsive to varying outdoor air temperature for attenuating refrigerant mass flow corresponding to lower outdoor air temperature; and expansion means responsive to attenuated refrigerant mass flow for maintaining adequate refrigerant mass flow to the evaporator means for maintaining constant the desired set point of temperature and/or humidity of the confined space at varying outdoor air temperature.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel expansion means useful in an air conditioning system of the type having a refrigerant which sequentially flows through variable speed compressor means responsive to varying outdoor air temperature for attenuating refrigerant mass flow corresponding to lower outdoor air temperature and which compresses vaporous refrigerant supplied by evaporator means, condenser means which is in heat exchange relationship with outdoor air for condensing refrigerants circulated from said compressor means, expansion means which expand said liquid refrigerant from said condenser means, and evaporator means which is in direct or indirect heat exchange relationship with air in a confined space for maintaining said confined space air at a desired set point of temperature and/or humidity, said evaporator supplying said refrigerant to said compressor means.