Abstract: A system, method, and apparatus are provided for dynamically enrolling a vehicle with a tolling authority by transmitting a vehicle toll service enrollment request message to a backend server of a toll managed services server (TMSS) upon detecting that the vehicle has entered onto a proximity corridor area associated with a toll road managed by the tolling authority, and then receiving a vehicle enrollment message from the TMSS after the TMSS determines that the vehicle is not enrolled with the tolling authority and displaying a vehicle enrollment message for viewing by an operator of the vehicle which invites an operator of the vehicle to enroll the vehicle with the tolling authority.

Abstract: A system, method, and apparatus are provided for dynamically enrolling a vehicle with a tolling authority by transmitting a vehicle toll service enrollment request message to a backend server of a toll managed services server (TMSS) upon detecting that the vehicle has entered onto a proximity corridor area associated with a toll road managed by the tolling authority, and then receiving a vehicle enrollment message from the TMSS after the TMSS determines that the vehicle is not enrolled with the tolling authority and displaying a vehicle enrollment message for viewing by an operator of the vehicle which invites an operator of the vehicle to enroll the vehicle with the tolling authority.

Abstract: A system, method, and apparatus are provided for dynamically managing toll charges for a vehicle which transmits one or more messages to a backend server of a toll service with vehicle location data and toll-related data collected from a memory storage device or one or more in-vehicle sensors which capture the toll-related data relating to the vehicle operation and design so that the backend server of the toll service can calculate one or more adjustments to a toll charge rate for the vehicle based on the toll-related data in the second message.

Abstract: A system, method, and apparatus are provided for dynamically managing road use charges for a vehicle which transmits one or more messages to a backend server of a road use charging (RUC) service with vehicle location data and RUC-related data collected from a memory storage device or one or more in-vehicle sensors which capture the RUC-related data relating to the vehicle operation and design so that the backend server of the RUC service can generate an RUC report which includes one or more adjustments to a RUC rate for the vehicle based on the RUC-related data in the second message.

Abstract: Devices and methods that measure one or more properties of a living cell culture that is contained in liquid media within a vessel, and typically analyzes plural cell cultures contained in plural vessels such as the wells of a multiwell microplate substantially in parallel. The devices incorporate a sensor that remains in equilibrium with, e.g., remains submerged within, the liquid cell media during the performance of a measurement and during addition of one or more cell affecting fluids such as solutions of potential drug compounds.

Abstract: Devices and methods that measure one or more properties of a living cell culture that is contained in liquid media within a vessel, and typically analyzes plural cell cultures contained in plural vessels such as the wells of a multiwell microplate substantially in parallel. The devices incorporate a sensor that remains in equilibrium with, e.g., remains submerged within, the liquid cell media during the performance of a measurement and during addition of one or more cell affecting fluids such as solutions of potential drug compounds.

Abstract: Devices and methods that measure one or more properties of a living cell culture that is contained in liquid media within a vessel, and typically analyzes plural cell cultures contained in plural vessels such as the wells of a multiwell microplate substantially in parallel. The devices incorporate a sensor that remains in equilibrium with, e.g., remains submerged within, the liquid cell media during the performance of a measurement and during addition of one or more cell affecting fluids such as solutions of potential drug compounds.

Abstract: The accuracy and/or precision of measurements of extracellular acidification rate or CO2 evolution in cell culture medium may be improved by using materials with low CO2 permeability for medium-containing vessels.

Abstract: Compounds, compositions and methods are provided that are useful in the treatment or prevention of a condition or disorder mediated by PPAR? or PPAR?. In particular, the compounds of the invention modulate the function of PPAR? or PPAR?. The subject methods are particularly useful in the treatment and/or prevention of diabetes, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis.

Abstract: The accuracy and/or precision of measurements of extracellular acidification rate or CO2 evolution in cell culture medium may be improved by using materials with low CO2 permeability for medium-containing vessels.

Abstract: Compounds, compositions and methods are provided that are useful in the treatment or prevention of a condition or disorder mediated by PPAR? or PPAR?. In particular, the compounds of the invention modulate the function of PPAR? or PPAR?. The subject methods are particularly useful in the treatment and/or prevention of diabetes, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis.

Abstract: Bisaryl-sulfonamide compounds having the formula wherein Ar, R1, R2, L, B, W, X, Y, and Z, compositions and methods are provided that are useful in the treatment or prevention of a condition or disorder mediated by PPAR? or PPAR?. In particular, the compounds of the invention modulate the function of PPAR? or PPAR?. The subject methods are particularly useful in the treatment and/or prevention of diabetes, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis.

Abstract: A shutter includes a frame with frame members that are spaced apart from one another, and a series of louvers are respectively rotatably mounted to the frame members. At least one of the frame members includes a casing defining a cavity. A controller, which preferably includes a rack and pinion system, is at least partially positioned in the cavity for synchronously pivoting the louvers. A housing of the controller is preferably an extrusion that reinforces the casing.

Abstract: A shutter includes a frame with frame members that are spaced apart from one another, and a series of louvers are respectively rotatably mounted to the frame members. At least one of the frame members includes a casing defining a cavity. A controller, which preferably includes a rack and pinion system, is at least partially positioned in the cavity for synchronously pivoting the louvers. A housing of the controller is preferably an extrusion that reinforces the casing.

Abstract: Methods of combating production problems in wells containing defective gravel packs are provided. The methods basically comprise forming at least one perforation in the well bore extending from the well bore through the defective gravel pack and into the producing formation, forming at least one fracture containing proppant material in the formation communicating with the perforation and consolidating the proppant material in the fracture.