Abstract: A symmetric multiprocessing fault-tolerant computer system controls memory access in a symmetric multiprocessing computer system. To do so, virtual page structures are created, where the virtual page structures reflect physical page access privileges to shared memory for processors in a symmetric multiprocessing computer system. Access to shared memory is controlled based on physical page access privileges reflected in the virtual paging structures to coordinate deterministic shared memory access between processors in the symmetric multiprocessing computer system. A symmetric multiprocessing fault-tolerant computer system may use duplication or continuous replay.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell anode is comprised of a nickel foam or nickel felt substrate. Ceramic material such as yttria stabilized zirconia or the like is entrained within the pores of the substrate. The resulting anode achieves excellent conductivity, strength and low coefficient of thermal expansion characteristics while effectively reducing the overall quantity of nickel contained in the fuel cell. Equivalent or better fuel cell anode characteristics result in the present invention as compared to conventional anode designs while simultaneously employing significantly less nickel.