Abstract: A router may be moved to an angle relative to the workpiece and corresponding to the desired angle of the hole. A plunge actuator may be used to move the router toward the workpiece. The plunge actuator may remain in a generally vertical, or perpendicular position relative to the workpiece. The router may be tilted to the angle of the desired hole. The plunge actuator may move the angled router generally along a line perpendicular to the workpiece to create the desired, angled hole. The router bit may enter the workpiece at an angle to cut the hole. By keeping the plunge actuator in a generally vertical position to route an angled hole, no tilting mechanism may be needed for the plunge actuator, thus reducing the amount of required machinery to cut the hole and improving the adaptability of the router assembly to other equipment.

Abstract: A friction welding system includes a first spindle and a second spindle. The first spindle and the second spindle securely locate a first part and a second part, respectively. The first spindle defines a first axis. The second spindle defines a second axis. A tailstock fixture is disposed along the first and second axes to securely locate a third part. A motor rotates the first and second spindles. A controller controls the motor and the angular orientation of the first and second spindles. The first spindle is moveable along the first axis. The second spindle is movable along the second axis. The first part and the second part can contact the third pat while rotating to effect two separate fiction welds. The controller controls the rotational position of the first spindle and the second spindle upon completion of the weld.