Abstract: Urethane and oxazolidone-containing isocyanurate foams characterized by cracking resistance and scorching resistance and thermal stability at a temperature of about 160.degree. C. or higher. These foams are produced by reacting at least one polyisocyanate with at least one polyepoxide and at least one polyol in the presence of catalyst, surfactant, and blowing agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to open-cell polyurethane foams and, more specifically, to such foams which are halogenated-hydrocarbon blown and are essentially urea-free, together with a composition and method for the fabrication thereof.

Abstract: Oxazolidone-containing isocyanurate foams characterized by thermal stability at a temperature of about 140.degree. C. or higher. These foams are produced by reacting at least one polyisocyanate with at least one polyepoxide in the presence of catalyst, surfactant, and blowing agent.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid binder composition containing from about 40 to about 98 percent by weight of an organic polyisocyanate and correspondingly from about 2 to about 60 percent by weight of a select ester derived from a dicarboxylic acid. When the binder composition is used in making lignocellulosic composite materials, such as particle board, the ester acts as an effective internal mold release agent, facilitating release of the composite material from the mold.

Abstract: Disclosed is a solid binder composition containing from about 70 to about 98 percent by weight of TDI residue and correspondingly from about 2 to about 30 percent by weight of a select ester derived from a dicarboxylic acid. When the binder composition is used in making lignocellulosic composite materials, such as particle board, the ester acts as an effective internal mold release agent, facilitating release of the composite material from the mold.

Abstract: A polyurethane foam which is a reaction product of a polyol reactant, an organic polyisocyanate reactant, a reaction catalyst and a foaming agent, said polyol reactant is made by (1) reacting starch with methanol in the presence of an acid catalyst to form a crude methyl glucoside reaction product; (2) then admixing this reaction product with an amine in the presence of a basic catalyst followed by (3) oxyalkylating this mixture with a lower alkylene oxide.

Abstract: A novel process for the preparation of starch-amine-based polyols which involves reacting starch with a polyhydric alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst to form a crude polyglucoside reaction product, the proportion of alcohol to starch being at least 0.3 mole of alcohol per glucose unit weight of starch. An amine compound is admixed with the reaction product, and the mixture is then oxyalkylated with a lower alkylene oxide. Polyurethane foams may be prepared by reacting the resulting polyether polyols with an organic polyisocyanate in the presence of a foaming agent and a reaction catalyst. The physical properties of the resulting foams are excellent.

Abstract: A novel process for the preparation of methyl glucoside-amine-based polyols which involves reacting starch with methanol in the presence of an acid catalyst to form a crude methyl glucoside reaction product. An amine compound is admixed with the reaction product, and the mixture is then oxyalkylated with a lower alkylene oxide. Polyurethane foams may be prepared by reacting the resulting polyether polyols with an organic polyisocyanate in the presence of a foaming agent and a reaction catalyst. The physical properties of the resulting foams are excellent.

Abstract: A novel process for the preparation of starch-amine-based polyols which involves reacting starch with a polyhydric alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst to form a crude polyglucoside reaction product, the proportion of alcohol to starch being at least 0.3 mole of alcohol per glucose unit weight of starch. An amine compound is admixed with the reaction product, and the mixture is then oxyalkylated with a lower alkylene oxide. Polyurethane foams may be prepared by reacting the resulting polyether polyols with an organic polyisocyanate in the presence of a foaming agent and a reaction catalyst. The physical properties of the resulting foams are excellent.

Abstract: A catalytically stabilized polyol composition is disclosed for use in the production of polyurethane foam. The composition comprises a halogenated polyol and an acid-blocked amine catalyst.

Abstract: An improvement is disclosed in the preparation of rigid polyurethane foams which have relatively high surface friability. The improvement resides in the use of a select group of amine-based polyols to reduce the friability of the resulting foam.