Abstract: Some techniques for compensating noise in nucleotide sequencing data include smoothing data for a first reference sequence based on amounts of a subset of reference sequences. An amount of each reference sequence of the subset is multiplied by a corresponding smoothing factor for the reference sequence. The smoothing factor for the reference sequence is based on a spread of the amounts of the reference sequence in the training data. Some techniques include applying a hidden Markov model in which hidden states represent normal condition and a condition of interest at each of multiple pairs of complementary fractions of the sample exhibiting the condition. Transitions from a non-normal condition at a first fraction are confined to states at the first fraction. The normal condition at the first fraction can transition to a state of a different fraction only if the different state represents the normal condition at a complementary fraction.

Abstract: Techniques for measuring abundances of sequences includes obtaining first data that indicates a target sequence at a plurality of loci, wherein the target sequence comprises a plurality of bins of loci for which a relative abundance is indicative of a condition of interest. Second data is determined that indicates alignment with the target sequence of reads of DNA fragments in a sample from the subject. Third data is determined that indicates locus dependent observed variations in abundance. A raw count Hj of reads is determined that start at each locus j; and, a copy number of a first bin is determined based on a sum over all loci in the first bin of expected counts for each partition weighted by the locus dependent observed variations. Output data that indicates condition of the subject based at least in part on the copy number of the first bin is presented.

Abstract: The techniques disclosed herein implement a centralized lighting module configured to control a diverse set of lighting-enabled peripheral devices. The set of lighting-enabled peripheral devices is diverse with respect to a type and a manufacturer. The lighting module is referred to as a centralized lighting module because the lighting module is part of an operating system of a computing device. Consequently, a user of the computing device no longer has to download and learn to use multiple different lighting applications if the user wants to create a diverse lighting ecosystem in which lighting-enabled peripheral devices from different manufacturers are connected to the computing device. Similarly, a developer of a computing application no longer has to engage and interact with multiple application programming interfaces (APIs) and software development kits (SDKs) if the developer wants users of their computing application to be able to create a diverse lighting ecosystem.

Abstract: Technologies are disclosed for temporarily hiding user interface (“UI”) elements, such as application windows or tabs. A request can be received to hide a UI element for a specified period of time. When such a request is received, the UI element is hidden and an identifier corresponding to the UI element is moved from a first area of a taskbar to a second area of the taskbar. The application presenting the UI element can be configured for reduced consumption of computing resources while the UI element is hidden. Additionally, notifications associated with the UI element can be disabled while the UI element is hidden. When the specified period of time to hide the UI element has elapsed, the UI element is once again displayed. Additionally, the identifier corresponding to the UI element is moved from the second area of the taskbar back to the first area of the taskbar.

Abstract: Techniques for construction of internal controls for improved accuracy and sensitivity of DNA testing include obtaining first data and determining weights over real numbers for a normalization function in less than a day. The first data indicates a measured amount of reference sequences for nucleic acids from training samples. The reference sequences include a target, for which an abundance is indicative of a condition of interest, and covariates not correlated with the condition of interest. The normalization function involves a sum of abundances of the covariates, as internal controls, each multiplied by a corresponding one of the weights. The weights are determined based on minimizing variance of a Taylor expansion of a ratio of a measured amount of the target divided by a value of the normalization function evaluated with measured amounts of the covariates over a portion of the first data in which the condition is absent.

Abstract: Techniques for measuring abundances of sequences includes obtaining first data that indicates a target sequence at a plurality of loci, wherein the target sequence comprises a plurality of bins of loci for which a relative abundance is indicative of a condition of interest. Second data is determined that indicates alignment with the target sequence of reads of DNA fragments in a sample from the subject. Third data is determined that indicates locus dependent observed variations in abundance. A raw count Hj of reads is determined that start at each locus j; and, a copy number of a first bin is determined based on a sum over all loci in the first bin of expected counts for each partition weighted by the locus dependent observed variations. Output data that indicates condition of the subject based at least in part on the copy number of the first bin is presented.

Abstract: Some techniques for compensating noise in nucleotide sequencing data include smoothing data for a first reference sequence based on amounts of a subset of reference sequences. An amount of each reference sequence of the subset is multiplied by a corresponding smoothing factor for the reference sequence. The smoothing factor for the reference sequence is based on a spread of the amounts of the reference sequence in the training data. Some techniques include applying a hidden Markov model in which hidden states represent normal condition and a condition of interest at each of multiple pairs of complementary fractions of the sample exhibiting the condition. Transitions from a non-normal condition at a first fraction are confined to states at the first fraction. The normal condition at the first fraction can transition to a state of a different fraction only if the different state represents the normal condition at a complementary fraction.

Abstract: Techniques for automated determination or correction of count bias are based on probability of fraction fragment size for a particular fractions, such as a minority fraction contributed to a sample by fetal or tumor DNA. The techniques include determining a probability density function of fragment sizes for a particular fractional component of the sample; and determining a fraction f of the sample associated with the particular fractional component. A raw count of reads that start at each locus in the target sequence is determined for each fragment i of size si. A corrected count is determined by multiplying the raw count for each fragment i with a weighting factor ci that depends on the fraction f and the probability density function value for the fragment size si. The corrected count is used for determining a condition of interest in the particular fractional component.

Abstract: Techniques for construction of internal controls for improved accuracy and sensitivity of DNA testing include obtaining first data and determining weights over real numbers for a normalization function in less than a day. The first data indicates a measured amount of reference sequences for nucleic acids from training samples. The reference sequences include a target, for which an abundance is indicative of a condition of interest, and covariates not correlated with the condition of interest. The normalization function involves a sum of abundances of the covariates, as internal controls, each multiplied by a corresponding one of the weights. The weights are determined based on minimizing variance of a Taylor expansion of a ratio of a measured amount of the target divided by a value of the normalization function evaluated with measured amounts of the covariates over a portion of the first data in which the condition is absent.

Abstract: We provide a process and apparatus for preparing a used ionic liquid catalyst for safe disposal, comprising hydrolyzing the used ionic liquid catalyst comprising an anhydrous metal halide with a basic solution at a temperature from ?20° C. to 90° C. to produce a hydrolyzed product, evolve a hydrogen halide gas, and dissolve the hydrogen halide gas into the basic solution.

Abstract: We provide a process and apparatus for preparing a used ionic liquid catalyst for safe disposal, comprising hydrolyzing the used ionic liquid catalyst comprising an anhydrous metal halide with a basic solution at a temperature from ?20° C. to 90° C. to produce a hydrolyzed product, evolve a hydrogen halide gas, and dissolve the hydrogen halide gas into the basic solution.

Abstract: We provide a process and apparatus for preparing a used catalyst for disposal, comprising: a. hydrolyzing a used ionic liquid catalyst comprising an anhydrous metal halide to produce a hydrolyzed product; and b. separating the hydrolyzed product into a liquid phase and a solid phase; wherein the liquid phase comprises a non-water-reactive aqueous phase and a hydrocarbon phase; and wherein the solid phase comprises a solid portion of the hydrolyzed product, that is not water reactive. A vessel is used for the hydrolyzing and a separator is used for the separating.

Abstract: We provide an apparatus for preparing a used catalyst for disposal, comprising: a. a vessel used to hydrolyze a used ionic liquid catalyst comprising an anhydrous metal halide, to produce a hydrolyzed product; and b. a separator used to separate a liquid phase and a solid phase from the hydrolyzed product; wherein the liquid phase comprises a non-water-reactive aqueous phase and a hydrocarbon phase; and wherein the solid phase comprises a solid portion of the hydrolyzed product, that is not water reactive.

Abstract: We provide a process and apparatus for preparing a used catalyst for disposal, comprising: a. hydrolyzing a used ionic liquid catalyst comprising an anhydrous metal halide to produce a hydrolyzed product; and b. separating the hydrolyzed product into a liquid phase and a solid phase; wherein the liquid phase comprises a non-water-reactive aqueous phase and a hydrocarbon phase; and wherein the solid phase comprises a solid portion of the hydrolyzed product, that is not water reactive. A vessel is used for the hydrolyzing and a separator is used for the separating.

Abstract: A device (1) for locking an object (16) to a transportation vehicle (51) comprising a receiver (12) securable to the transportation vehicle for receiving a portion (14) of the object, a plate (30) deflectable by the portion of the object to enable release of a locking pin (38), the locking pin locking the portion of the object to the receiver.

Abstract: A reattachable introducer and method of using such introducer is disclosed for inserting an embolic coil deployment system into the tortuous vasculature of the human brain for placing an embolic coil within an aneurysm. The introducer includes a sheath having a lumen, a side opening and a longitudinal slit and includes a cylindrical sleeve slideably disposed about the sheath. A deployment catheter with a conical expander member is slideably disposed through the side opening of the sheath and through the lumen of the sheath. The conical expander member detaches the introducer from the deployment catheter through the longitudinal slit of the sheath, while the cylindrical sleeve reattaches the introducer to the deployment catheter through the longitudinal slit.