Abstract: Pixels in a video image may be segmented based upon selected criteria, such as a common color, texture, shape, amplitude range or temporal variation. Color values for these pixels may be used to calculate a color probability function which indicates the probability that the color value of the pixel will lie within a designated range of values. The pixels are also used to calculate a texture probability function that indicates whether the pixel represents a designated texture. Pixels that are assigned to a given segment may then be further processed to improve the quality of an image. In this manner, pixels that identify grass, sky, human skin, etc. may be identified and processed in order to achieve a more pleasing appearance.

Abstract: A lens array for a lamp directs light to a light conduit such as an optical fiber or light pipe for guiding light to a remote location. An array of LED serve as light sources. The lens array includes an integrally formed member having a number of collimator lenses positioned in the lens array so that each lens can operate as a collimator for a corresponding LED to produce a respective collimated beam of light. The lenses have optical properties that are optimized according to where their corresponding LED are positioned in the LED array, so that the lens array is provided with lens prescriptions that produce refraction of the collimated beams of light toward an entrance aperture of the light conduit.

Abstract: There is disclosed an apparatus for correcting the color of objects appearing in a video image. The apparatus comprises: 1) a frame buffer for receiving and storing a first video frame from an incoming baseband video signal; 2) a memory for storing known pixel data corresponding to a plurality of known icons, the known pixel data comprising true color data values associated with the plurality of known icons; and 3) a color correction controller for comparing captured pixel data from the stored first video frame with the known pixel data stored in the memory and detecting a first actual image of a first known icon appearing in the stored first video frame. The color correction controller also compares a first true color data value associated with the first known icon and a first actual color data value associated with a first actual color in the first actual image of the first known icon.

Abstract: To improve authenticity of persons accessing secured locations, information, services, and/or goods, random pictures (images) and/or portions of picture are placed on a document (hard copy—e.g. a check—or computer generated). The person requiring access selects a set of one or more of the images/pictures, e.g. by crossing them out. Often the selected images/picture with be familiar to the user. The document is screened, e.g. by a special access server over a network, to check on whether the subset was correct, i.e., matches a subset of images previously stored and associated with the accessor. This can be combined with printed explicit textual questions related to an owner personal database and several possible answers for each question. For further security, biometrics, e.g. from user handwritten answer prompts, can be added. Similar security provision with random visual images can be used when users interact with computers to get access to some services (without providing hard copy documents).

Abstract: A faceted surface has first and second facets which deflect respective first and second light beams to produce first sub-beams which alternate with second sub-beams. The faceted surface may be a reflector having first facets at 120° to second facets for mixing light beams which are incident at 120° to each other. 100% of reflected sub-beams from each source alternate with 100% of sub-beams from the other source. The faceted surface may also be a refractor which is part of a transparent block having two parallel faceted surfaces. A first refractive surface refracts parallel light beams to produce diverging beams which are each split into spaced apart sub-beams by the second refractive surface. 50% of refracted sub-beams originating from each source alternate with 50% of refracted sub-beams of each adjacent source.

Abstract: A linear array of LED light sources in a plurality of colors is situated along the length of a reflector which is positioned so that it receives substantially all the light within the semi-cone angles of the sources, and is shaped so that it is illuminated substantially uniformly along its width. The reflector may be configured as a smooth Lambertian surface, or may be configured as a curve approximated by a series of flat specular reflecting segments.

Abstract: A light source includes an array of LEDs in each of a plurality colors such as red, green, and blue in the entrance aperture of a tubular reflector which preferably has convex walls facing the optic axis and flares outward toward the exit aperture, and preferably has a polygonal cross section such as a square. Mixing of colors is further promoted by utilizing a large number of small LEDs with the LEDs of each color being centered on the optic axis.

Abstract: A device, e.g., a luminaire, that includes a plurality of LEDs connected in series, and an active shunt arrangement for sensing a failure of one or more of the LEDs and for shunting current that would have otherwise flowed through a failed LED, to thereby maintain a flow of current through remaining ones of the plurality of LEDs. In one exemplary embodiment, the active shunt arrangement includes a plurality of active shunts connected in parallel across respective ones of the LEDs, and remote sense and digital control logic for detecting an open-circuit condition of the normally closed circuit, and for sequentially activating the active shunts until the normally closed circuit has been restored to a closed-circuit condition.

Abstract: Ordinarily, television signals are subjected to gamma correction at the source to compensate for non-linearities in CRT-based displays in accordance with set standards. However, it has been found in practice that all CRT-based displays do not exhibit the same amount of non-linearity. Hence, some television receivers include gamma correction circuitry which compensate for the difference between the particular CRT display and that assumed by the transmission system standard. In addition the above, circuitry is added for adapting this correction to local areas on the display thereby achieving dynamic range equalization. The input video signal is first low-pass filtered and then subjected to a normalization between 0.0 and a first predefined maximum value A. A second predefined value B is then added to this normalized signal generating a gamma exponential. At the same time, the input video signal is normalized for the range 0.0 and 1.0.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of medical treatment for a medical condition in a mammal. In this method, a pharmacologically effective amount for treatment of the condition of a trioxolane or a diperoxide of a non-terpene unsaturated hydrocarbon is applied to the mammal. The invention also provides methods of modulating the immune system in a mammal, of treating inflammation of a tissue in a mammal, and of treating bacterial, fungal, protozoal and viral infections in a mammal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of medical treatment for systemic disorders and oral pharyngeal conditions in a mammal. In this method, a pharmacologically effective amount for treatment of the disorder or condition of a trioxolane or a diperoxide of an unsaturated hydrocarbon, such as a terpene or non-terpene, is applied to the mammal. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions for use in these methods.

Abstract: Methods of treating systemic viral infections are disclosed comprising the parenteral administration of pharmacologically effective amounts of ozonides of terpenes in pharmaceutically acceptable carriers. Methods for treating viral lesions are also disclosed. In particular, a method for treating retroviral infections is disclosed. More particularly, a method for treating HIV infections is disclosed. In addition, methods for treating infections of non-retroviral viruses are disclosed. Further, methods for treating T-cell deficiencies are also disclosed. Moreover, a method of producing blood for medical products which is free of viral activity is disclosed.

Abstract: Ozonides of terpenes are disclosed. Terpenes which are believed to be pharmacologically active when prepared in accordance with the present invention include: limonene, citronella, alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, Vitamin A, linalool, linalyl acetate, or squalene. Other compounds which are believed to make pharmacologically active terpene ozonides in accordance with the present invention include geraniol, limonene, alpha-pinene, loganin, cymene, farnesanes, eudesmanes, acoranes, cedranes, chamigranes, caryophyllanes, illudanes, humulenes, himachalenes, longifolanes, perhydroazulenes, quaianes, quaianolides, or germacranes. Still other compounds which are believed to make pharmacologically active terpene ozonides in accordance with the present invention include labdanes, clerodanes, abietic acid, phyllocladene, giberellins, ophiobolin A, retigeranic acid, gasgardic acid, lanosterol, euphol, oleanane, ursane, lupeol, hydroxyhopanone, lupanes, or hopanes.

Abstract: Methods of treating systemic viral infections are disclosed comprising the parenteral administration of pharmacologically effective amounts of ozonides of terpenes in pharmaceutically acceptable carriers. Methods for treating viral lesions are also disclosed. In particular, a method for treating retroviral infections is disclosed. More particularly, a method for treating HIV infections is disclosed. In addition, methods for treating infections of non-retroviral viruses are disclosed. Further, methods for treating T-cell deficiencies are also disclosed. Moreover, a method of producing blood for medical products which is free of viral activity is disclosed.

Abstract: Methods of treating systemic viral infections are disclosed comprising the parenteral administration of pharmacologically effective amounts of ozonides of terpenes in pharmaceutically acceptable carriers. Methods for treating viral lesions are also disclosed. In particular, a method for treating retroviral infections is disclosed. More particularly, a method for treating HIV infections is disclosed. In addition, methods for treating infections of non-retroviral viruses are disclosed. Further, methods for treating T-cell deficiencies are also disclosed. Moreover, a method of producing blood for medical products which is free of viral activity is disclosed.

Abstract: Insecticidal and repellent compositions comprising ozonides of hydrocarbons are disclosed. Hydrocarbons which are believed to be active when prepared in accordance with the present invention include terpenes and unsaturated fatty acids derived from plant and animal sources. Other examples of suitable unsaturated hydrocarbons include natural and synthetic steroids, alkenes and their substituted derivatives, and other naturally or synthetically unsaturated hydrocarbons derived primarily from petroleum. Methods of use for the compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods of treating systemic viral infections are disclosed comprising the parenteral administration of pharmacologically effective amounts of ozonides of terpenes in pharmaceutically acceptable carriers. Methods for treating viral lesions are also disclosed. In particular, a method for treating retroviral infections is disclosed. More particularly, a method for treating HIV infections is disclosed. In addition, methods for treating infections of non-retroviral viruses are disclosed. Further, methods for treating T-cell deficiencies are also disclosed. Moreover, a method of producing blood for medical products which is free of viral activity is disclosed.

Abstract: Ghosts in a video signal containing a predetermined reference signal are adaptively cancelled with a sparse transversal filter having fewer multipliers than delay taps. A reference signal identical to the reference signal in the video signal is generated and filtered with the sparse transversal filter. The filtered reference signal and the generated reference signal are subtracted from the part of the video signal containing the predetermined reference signal and the result of the subtraction is compared with a threshold value. The filter multipliers are connected to the delay taps in correspondence to the results of the subtraction which exceed the threshold value, and the multiplier values are adjusted to minimize the result of the subtraction.

Abstract: Methods of treating systemic viral infections are disclosed comprising the parenteral administration of pharmacologically effective amounts of ozonides of terpenes in pharmaceutically acceptable carriers. Methods for treating viral lesions are also disclosed. In particular, a method for treating rfetroviral infections is disclosed. More particularly, a method for treating HIV infections is disclosed. In addition, methods for treating infections of non-retroviral viruses are disclosed. Further, methods for trating T-cell deficiencies are also disclosed. Moreover, a method of producing blood for medical products which is free of viral activity is disclosed.

Abstract: A masked monopolar sifting filter implemented by multiplying an input signal by a series of shifted nonuniform mask signals and selecting the minimum signal sample value from each resultant product. The intermediate signal thus produced is then again multiplied by the shifted mask signals and the maximum signal sample value from each product chosen to produce a filtered output signal. The filters are particularly useful for edge enhancing features of selected sizes in an image signal.