Abstract: Aqueous lipid emulsions for providing enteral nutrition are provided. The aqueous lipid emulsions include at least 33% of lipids, lipid soluble nutrients, or a combination thereof, based upon the total weight of the emulsion, and are essentially free of carbohydrate and protein. The aqueous lipid emulsions are shelf-stable for at least 7 months. The aqueous lipid emulsions are a source of supplemental enteral nutrition for any patient in need thereof, including preterm infants.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are stable oil-in-water emulsion ophthalmic topical liquid compositions having an average particle size less than 1 ?m including at least one plant-derived oil other than castor oil wherein the oil comprises only aliphatic side chains free of polar pendent groups. The oil-in-water emulsion ophthalmic topical liquid compositions also include a hydrophilic surfactant having an HLB value between approximately 10 and 14, a vegetable oil-derived hydrophobic non-co-block surfactant having unsaturated side chains that contain less than four oxygen atoms having an HLB value between approximately 4 and 6 and is a liquid at room temperature. The oil-in-water emulsion ophthalmic topical liquid compositions disclosed herein can further include an amount of cyclosporine A or polyphenol in an amount effective to relieve dry eye symptoms.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are stable oil-in-water emulsion ophthalmic topical liquid compositions having an average particle size less than 1 ?m including at least one plant-derived oil other than castor oil wherein the oil comprises only aliphatic side chains free of polar pendent groups. The oil-in-water emulsion ophthalmic topical liquid compositions also include a hydrophilic surfactant having an HLB value between approximately 10 and 14, a vegetable oil-derived hydrophobic non-co-block surfactant having unsaturated side chains that contain less than four oxygen atoms having an HLB value between approximately 4 and 6 and is a liquid at room temperature. The oil-in-water emulsion ophthalmic topical liquid compositions disclosed herein can further include an amount of cyclosporine A or polyphenol in an amount effective to relieve dry eye symptoms.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions and methods for nutritional management of hepatic (liver) failure. In particular the invention is directed to a nutritionally complete formulation suitable for use as a supplement or total enteral feeding. The composition is specifically tailored to meet the requirements of hepatic patients in need of nutritional support. The composition comprises an organoleptically acceptable protein system designed to meet the altered metabolic needs of patients suffering from hepatic failure. The invention also relates to administering a nutritional composition comprising effective amounts of the branched-chain amino acids, valine, leucine, isoleucine, or mixtures thereof, and with or without a reduced amount of tyrosine, phenylalanine and tryptophan.

Abstract: In its broadest aspect, the present invention is directed to the discovery of immunonutritional products that are useful in reducing the immunological system suppression that results from stress. The stress may be in the form of physical exertion, mental exhaustion, disease states and the like. In one embodiment, the invention relates to a nutritional composition comprising a structured glyceride component and an antioxidant system. This nutritional composition has been shown to be highly effective in reducing immune system down regulation or dysregulation as a result of stress.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an elemental liquid nutritional product useful for providing nutrition to a patient having a malabsorption condition by enterally feeding to the patient a nutritionally effective amount of the liquid nutritional products of the present invention. One nutritional product of the present invention includes a protein system in which at least 65 w/w % of said proteins have a molecular weight of less than 5,000 daltons. The proteins system includes soy protein hydrolysate, and partially hydrolyzed caseinate. The preferred products further include a structured lipid formed from marine oil and medium chain triglyceride oil. Palatability of elemental nutritional products has been improved by keeping caloric density in a range from 0.60 kcal/ml to about 1.05 kcal/ml and incorporating sufficient amounts of selected palatability enhancers.

Abstract: This invention provides a composition comprising notochord and extracts thereof in therapeutic amounts. The invention more specifically relates to a method of treating arthritis in mammals, more particularly rheumatoid arthritis in humans through the enteral administration of notochord, notochord extracts or mixtures thereof. In a preferred embodiment, collagen obtained from sturgeon is enterally administered to a human at from 1.0 &mgr;g to 1.05 gms per day.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an elemental liquid nutritional product useful for providing nutrition to a patient having a malabsorption condition by enterally feeding to the patient a nutritionally effective amount of the liquid nutritional products of the present invention. One nutritional product of the present invention includes a protein system in which at least 65 w/w % of said proteins have a molecular weight of less than 5,000 daltons. The proteins system includes soy protein hydrolysate, and partially hydrolyzed caseinate. The preferred products further include a structured lipid formed from marine oil and medium chain triglyceride oil. Palatability of elemental nutritional products has been improved by keeping caloric density in a range from 0.60 kcal/ml to about 1.05 kcal/ml and incorporating sufficient amounts of selected palatability enhancers.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an elemental liquid nutritional product useful for providing nutrition to a patient having a malabsorption condition by enterally feeding to the patient a nutritionally effective amount of the liquid nutritional products of the present invention. One nutritional product of the present invention includes a protein system in which at least 65 w/w % of said proteins have a molecular weight of less than 5,000 daltons. The proteins system includes soy protein hydrolysate, and partially hydrolyzed caseinate. The preferred products further include a structured lipid formed from marine oil and medium chain triglyceride oil. Palatability of elemental nutritional products has been improved by keeping caloric density in a range from 0.60 kcal/ml to about 1.05 kcal/ml and incorporating sufficient amounts of selected palatability enhancers.

Abstract: In its broadest aspect, the present invention is directed to the discovery of immunonutritional products that are useful in reducing the immunological system suppression that results from stress. The stress may be in the form of physical exertion, mental exhaustion, disease states and the like. In one embodiment, the invention relates to a nutritional composition comprising a structured glyceride component and an antioxidant system. This nutritional composition has been shown to be highly effective in reducing immune system down regulation or dysregulation as a result of stress.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an elemental liquid nutritional product useful for providing nutrition to a patient having a malabsorption condition by enterally feeding to the patient a nutritionally effective amount of the liquid nutritional products of the present invention. One nutritional product of the present invention includes a protein system in which at least 65 w/w % of said proteins have a molecular weight of less than 5,000 daltons. The proteins system includes soy protein hydrolysate, and partially hydrolyzed caseinate. The preferred products further include a structured lipid formed from marine oil and medium chain triglyceride oil. Palatability of elemental nutritional products has been improved by keeping caloric density in a range from 0.60 kcal/ml to about 1.05 kcal/ml and incorporating sufficient amounts of selected palatability enhancers.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for enhancing the absorption of oil soluble (lipophilic) compounds such as oil soluble vitamins, hormones, nutrients and drugs in an animal. The inventive method comprises administering a lipophilic compound in conjunction with a structured glyceride component characterized in that at least 40% of the glyceride species have: (i) about 33 to 70 wt. % of acyl moieties having 4 to 12 carbon atoms; (ii) about 30 to 67 wt. % of acyl moieties having more than 12 carbon atoms; and (iii) an equivalent carbon number greater than 30 and less than 48. This invention also relates to compositions suitable for administrating to an animal comprising a lipophilic compound and a structured glyceride component characterized in that at least 40% of the glyceride species have: (i) about 33 to 70 wt. % of acyl moieties having 4 to 12 carbon atoms; (ii) about 30 to 67 wt. % of acyl moieties having more than 12 carbon atoms; and (iii) an equivalent carbon number greater than 30 and less than 48.

Abstract: This invention provides a composition comprising notochord and extracts thereof in therapeutic amounts. The invention more specifically relates to a method of treating arthritis in mammals, more particularly rheumatoid arthritis in humans through the enteral administration of notochord, notochord extracts or mixtures thereof. In a preferred embodiment, collagen obtained from sturgeon is enterally administered to a human at from 1.0 .mu.g to 1.05 gms per day.

Abstract: In its broadest aspect, the present invention is directed to the discovery of immunonutritional products that are useful in reducing the immunological system suppression that results from stress. The stress may be in the form of physical exertion, mental exhaustion, disease states and the like. In one embodiment, the invention relates to a nutritional composition comprising a structured glyceride component and an antioxidant system. This nutritional composition has been shown to be highly effective in reducing immune system down regulation or dysregulation as a result of stress.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for enhancing the absorption of oil soluble (lipophilic) compounds such as oil soluble vitamins, hormones, nutrients and drugs in an animal. The inventive method comprises administering a lipophilic compound in conjunction with a structured glyceride component characterized in that at least 40% of the glyceride species have: (i) about 33 to 70 wt. % of acyl moieties having 4 to 12 carbon atoms; (ii) about 30 to 67 wt. % of acyl moieties having more than 12 carbon atoms; and (iii) an equivalent carbon number greater than 30 and less than 48. This invention also relates to compositions suitable for administrating to an animal comprising a lipophilic compound and a structured glyceride component characterized in that at least 40% of the glyceride species have: (i) about 33 to 70 wt. % of acyl moieties having 4 to 12 carbon atoms; (ii) about 30 to 67 wt. % of acyl moieties having more than 12 carbon atoms; and (iii) an equivalent carbon number greater than 30 and less than 48.

Abstract: This invention provides a composition comprising notochord and extracts thereof in therapeutic amounts. The invention more specifically relates to a method of treating arthritis in mammals, more particularly rheumatoid arthritis in humans through the enteral administration of notochord, notochord extracts or mixtures thereof. In a preferred embodiment, collagen obtained from sturgeon is enterally administered to a human at from 1.0 .mu.g to 1.05 gms per day.

Abstract: A method of improving the nutritional status and reversing the characteristic diarrhea and inflammatory condition in a mammalian creature having ulcerative colitis or inflammation of the colon which contains in combination (a) an oil blend which contains eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n3) and/or docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n3), and (b) a source of indigestible carbohydrate which is metabolized to short chain fatty acids by microorganisms present in the human colon. Preferably the nutritional product also contains one or more nutrients which act as antioxidants.

Abstract: An enteral nutritional product for a person having a neurological injury is very low in carbohydrate, but high in fat. The fat is supplied by a lipid blend having a ratio of n-6 to n-3 fatty acids in the range of 1 to 6. Preferably the nutritional product contains nutrients having antioxidant properties, for example beta-carotene, vitamin E, vitamin C, taurine, molybdenum and selenium.

Abstract: A liquid nutritional product for enteral feeding contains a fat source which provides desirable effects when fed to pulmonary patients. The fat source having by weight a ratio of [n-(6) to n-(3)] fatty acids from the group consisting of Linoleic acid (18:2n6), Gamma-Linolenic acid (18:3n6), and Arachidonic acid (20:4n6) to fatty acids from the group consisting of Alpha-Linolenic acid (18:3n3), Stearidonic acid (18:4n3), Eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n3), Docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n3) and Docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n3) in the range of about 1.5 to about 3.0, a ratio of Linoleic acid (18:2n6) to Alpha-Linolenic acid (18:3n3) in the range of about 3.0 to about 10.0, and a ratio of the sum of Eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n3) and Docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n3) to Gamma-Linolenic acid (18:3n6) in the range of about 1.0 to about 10.0. In a preferred embodiment the nutritional product contains quantities of nutrients having anti-oxidant properties in vivo, such as beta-carotene, vitamin E, vitamin C, selenium, and taurine.