Abstract: The present disclosure includes methods and compositions for treating any condition or disorder that benefits from activation of the Akt signaling pathway. These methods and compositions involve the use of valproic acid, derivatives, analogs and compositions including the same for treating muscular disorders, such as muscular dystrophy.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compositions and sequences for the diagnosis, genetic therapy of certain muscular dystrophies, especially muscular dystrophy resulting from a deficiency in dystrophin protein or a combined deficiency in dystrophin and utrophin, and methods and compositions for the identification of compounds which increase expression of the ?7 integrin. Expression of the integrin ?BX2 polypeptide in muscle cells results in better physical condition in a patient or an animal lacking normal levels of dystrophin or dystrophin and utrophin. The present disclosure further provides immunological and nucleic acid based methods for the diagnosis of scapuloperoneal muscular dystrophy, where there is a reduction in or absence of ?7A integrin expression in muscle tissue samples and normal levels of laminin-2/4 in those same samples. The present disclosure further provides methods for identifying compositions which increase the expression of ?7 integrin protein in muscle cells of dystrophy patients.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compositions and sequences for the diagnosis, genetic therapy of certain muscular dystrophies, especially muscular dystrophy resulting from a deficiency in dystrophin protein or a combined deficiency in dystrophin and utrophin, and methods and compositions for the identification of compounds which increase expression of the &agr;7 integrin. Expression of the integrin &agr;BX2 polypeptide in muscle cells results in better physical condition in a patient or an animal lacking normal levels of dystrophin or dystrophin and utrophin. The present disclosure further provides immunological and nucleic acid based methods for the diagnosis of scapuloperoneal muscular dystrophy, where there is a reduction in or absence of &agr;7A integrin expression in muscle tissue samples and normal levels of laminin-{fraction (2/4)} in those same samples.