Abstract: A method of making activated alumina including the steps of dissolving a double salt of aluminum in a solution of pure water at 85.degree. C., recrystalizing the double salt at a pressure about 250 psi and temperature ranging from 200.degree. C. to 250.degree. C., precipitating out the purified basic double salt, drying the precipitated double salt to drive off water and roasting it at 850.degree. C. to 950.degree. C. to drive off the sulfate, washing to remove the potassium sulfate and then drying the remaining alumina to yield activated alumina for use as a high-grade catalyst.

Abstract: A system and method for immediately separating oil sands into three layers uses a logwasher with paddles that mixes the oil sands with hot water and steam. The three layers of bitumen, clay/sand/water slurry and rock separate effectively and immediately and are not re-mixed in further processing as was conventional, further producing a clay fraction from the fines for mineral processing.

Abstract: A system and method for immediately separating oil sands into three layers uses a logwasher with paddles that mixes the oil sands with hot water and steam. The three layers of bitumen, clay/sand/water slurry and rock separate effectively and immediately and are not re-mixed in further processing as was conventional, further producing a clay fraction from the fines for mineral processing.

Abstract: A method of making activated alumina includes beginning with a leach liquor of potassium and aluminum sulphates that is subjected to a surface-cooled crystallizer with a heat-exchanger input temperature of 160.degree. F. and a surface-chilled temperature of 60.degree. F. Crystals of aluminum sulphate are precipitated and recrystalized by evaporation in a vacuum and at an elevated temperature. Purified crystals of aluminum sulphate are then dried at 50.degree.-60.degree. C. The dried aluminum sulphate crystals are then dehydrated at 400.degree.-450.degree. C. after a rise rate of 50.degree.-60.degree. C. per minute to drive off most of the water. A roasting and recalcination step at 1000.degree. C.-1050.degree. C. after a rise rate of 50.degree.-60.degree. C. per minute is used drive off the sulphate. The remaining alumina is smelted by electrolysis for aluminum.

Abstract: A method of making activated alumina includes beginning with a leach liquor of potassium and aluminum sulphates that is subjected to a surface-cooled crystallizer with a heat-exchanger input temperature of 160.degree. F. and a surface-chilled temperature of 60.degree. F. to 80.degree. F. Crystals of aluminum sulphate are precipitated and recrystalized by evaporation in a vacuum and at an elevated temperature. Purified crystals of aluminum sulphate are then dried at 50.degree.-60.degree. C. The dried aluminum sulphate crystals are then dehydrated at 400.degree.-450.degree. C. after a rise rate of 10.degree.-20.degree. C. per minute to drive off most of the water. A roasting and recalcination step at 900.degree. C.-950.degree. C. after a rise rate of 10.degree.-20.degree. C. per minute is used drive off the sulphate. The remaining alumina is useful as a high-grade catalyst.

Abstract: The air pressure variation detector comprises a base plate having a through hole or a cavity, a piezoelectric element fixed to the base plate so as to locate above the through hole or the cavity and formed in a strip-like shape having a width narrower than the inside width of the through hole or the cavity, an impedance converter circuit consisting of a field effect type transistor and a leak resistor, and an electrically conductive accomodating container having a vent hole. An output terminal of the piezoelectric element is connected to a gate of the field effect type transistor, and the leak resistor is connected between the gate and a ground terminal of the piezoelectric element. This air pressure variation detector is simple in its composition and can detect with high accuracy slight variations of air pressure in the enaudible region.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (1) ##STR1## and their salts, wherein R.sup.1 is a methyl, ethyl or isopropyl group each substituted by a hydroxyl group or R.sup.1 is a group --(CH.sub.2).sub.n R7 or a group --CH(CH.sub.3)R.sup.7 (where n is zero or 1 and R.sup.7 l is CHO or CO.sub.2 H);Y.sup.1 is --CH.sub.2 --, Y.sup.2 is --CH-- and X represents ##STR2## [where R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom or a group OR.sup.8 is a hydroxyl group or a substituted hydroxyl group having up to 25 carbon atoms) and R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom, or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached represent >.dbd.O, >C.dbd.CH.sub.2 or >C.dbd.NOR.sup.9 (where R.sup.9 is a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1-8 alkyl or C.sub.3-8 alkenyl group) and the group >C.dbd.NOR.sup.9 is in the E configuration] or --Y.sup.1 --X--Y.sup.2 -- represents --CH.dbd.CH--CH-- or --CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.C--;R.sup.4 is a group OR.sup.8 as defined above and R.sup.5 is a hydrogen atom, or R.sup.4 and R.sup.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (1) ##STR1## and salts thereof, wherein R.sup.1 represents a methyl, ethyl or isopropyl group;Y.sup.1 is --CH.sub.2 --, Y.sup.2 is --CH-- and X represents ##STR2## where R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a group OR.sup.8 (where OR.sup.8 is a hydroxyl group or a substituted hydroxyl group having up to 25 carbon atoms) and R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom, or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached represent >C.dbd.O, >C.dbd.CH.sub.2 or >C.dbd.NOR.sup.9 (where R.sup.9 represents a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1-8 alkyl group or a C.sub.3-8 alkenyl group) and the group >C.dbd.NOR.sup.9 is in the E configuration] or --Y.sup.1 --X--Y.sup.2 -- represents --CH.dbd.CH--CH-- or --CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.C--;R.sup.4 represents a group OR.sup.8 as defined above and R.sup.5 represents a hydrogen atom, or R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached represent >C.dbd.O or >C.dbd.NOR.sup.9a (where R.sup.

Abstract: Whole tailings are treated with a flocculant to cause fines to agglomerate with the coarse particles. The product is then vacuum filtered to separate the fines from the water.