Abstract: The present invention provides materials and methods for predicting the response of a disease state to a therapeutic agent. A targeting moiety specific for a biological marker is labeled with a reporter moiety and used to analyze cells characteristic of the disease state. The output of the reporter moiety, which may be fluorescence intensity, is compared to the output of reference standard analyzed under similar or identical conditions. The use of a reference standard allows biomarker reporting to be normalized. Biomarker values can then be correlated from sample to sample and from laboratory to laboratory based on quantitative calibration on a universal reference standard.

Abstract: The present invention provides materials and methods for predicting the response of a disease state to a therapeutic agent. A targeting moiety specific for a biological marker is labeled with a reporter moiety and used to analyze cells characteristic of the disease state. The output of the reporter moiety, which may be fluorescence intensity, is compared to the output of reference standard analyzed under similar or identical conditions. The use of a reference standard allows biomarker reporting to be normalized. Biomarker values can then be correlated from sample to sample and from laboratory to laboratory based on quantitative calibration on a universal reference standard.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of assessing and selecting treatment modalities for cancer.

Abstract: Methods use concurrent multiple cellular probes conjugated to fluorescent compounds of different wavelengths to characterize single cells that have been isolated from a body fluid using density gradient centrifugation. Specific antibodies, peptides, nucleotides or oligonucleotides are used as probes for both identification and characterization of a single cell.

Abstract: The present invention provides materials and methods for predicting the response of a disease state to a therapeutic agent. A targeting moiety specific for a biological marker is labeled with a reporter moiety and used to analyze cells characteristic of the disease state. The output of the reporter moiety, which may be fluorescence intensity, is compared to the output of reference standard analyzed under similar or identical conditions. The use of a reference standard allows biomarker reporting to be normalized. Biomarker values can then be correlated from sample to sample and from laboratory to laboratory based on quantitative calibration on a universal reference standard.

Abstract: The present invention provides for enriching rare cells in a fluid comprising the rare cells and non-rare cells. Examples of rare cells enriched include prostate cancer cells.

Abstract: A method for enriching cancer cells such as prostate cancer cells in a bodily fluid sample is disclosed comprising (a) obtaining the sample comprising cancer cells and non-rare cells; (b) subjecting the sample to multiple density gradient separation comprising a first density gradient and a second density gradient, wherein the second density gradient is greater than the first density gradient, and producing a first fluid comprising an increased concentration of cancer cells of a first density, and a second fluid comprising an increased concentration of cancer cells of a second density, wherein the second density is greater than the first density; wherein subjecting the sample to multiple density gradient separation includes producing a plasma layer, a first interface layer, a first gradient layer, a second interface layer, a second gradient layer, and a cell pellet; wherein producing the first fluid includes combining the first interface layer and the first gradient layer and forming a first suspension; and w