Abstract: The invention relates to hydrocarbon conversion processes, to equipment useful in such processes, to the products of such hydrocarbon conversion processes and the use thereof, and to the use of energy derived from such processes.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to processes for upgrading heavy hydrocarbon oils such as heavy crude oils, atmospheric residuum, vacuum residuum, heavy oils from catalytic treatment, heavy cycle oils from fluid catalytic cracking, thermal tars, as oils from visbreaking, oils from oil sands, bitumen, deasphlter rock, and heavy oils derived from coal. The process utilizes a utility fluid including recycled liquid hydroprocessed product containing a significant amount of single or multi-ring aromatics. Unlike conventional fixed bed resid hydroprocessing, the process can be operated at temperatures pressures and reactor conditions that favor the desired hydrocracking reactions over aromatics hydrogenation reduce the coking tendencies of heavy hydrocarbon oils.

Abstract: The invention relates to hydrocarbon conversion processes, to equipment useful in such processes, to the products of such hydrocarbon conversion processes and the use thereof, and to the use of energy derived from such processes.

Abstract: The present application is directed to a method and system for monetizing energy. More specifically, the invention is directed to the economically efficient utilization of remote or stranded natural gas resources. The invention includes importing a high energy density material into an energy market and distributing the high energy density material (HEDM) therein. The HEDM is produced from reduction of a material oxide such as boria into the HEDM, which may be boron. The reduction utilizes remote hydrocarbon resources such as stranded natural gas resources.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to processes for upgrading heavy hydrocarbon oils such as heavy crude oils, atmospheric residuum, vacuum residuum, heavy oils from catalytic treatment, heavy cycle oils from fluid catalytic cracking, thermal tars, as oils from visbreaking, oils from oil sands, bitumen, deasphlter rock, and heavy oils derived from coal. The process utilizes a utility fluid including recycled liquid hydroprocessed product containing a significant amount of single or multi-ring aromatics. Unlike conventional fixed bed resid hydroprocessing, the process can be operated at temperatures pressures and reactor conditions that favor the desired hydrocracking reactions over aromatics hydrogenation reduce the coking tendencies of heavy hydrocarbon oils.

Abstract: Provided is a hydrocarbon tar. The tar has 75 wt % or more of aromatics of 10 carbons to 75 carbons based on the total weight of the tar. The aromatics exhibit 40% to 80% aromaticity. The tar has a boiling point of from 300° F. to 1350° F. There is also a fuel oil composition having the tar therein. There are also processes for making the hydrocarbon tar.

Abstract: A reverse flow regenerative reactor having first and second zones, each having first and second ends, the first zone having a plurality of channels capable of separately conveying at least two components of a combustible gas mixture, a gas distributor configured for injecting the components of the combustible gas mixture into first zone, a combustion zone including a selective combustion catalyst disposed at or downstream of the second end of said channels for catalyzing combustion, wherein the second zone is positioned and situated to receive a combusted gas mixture. Processes usefully conducted in the reactor are also disclosed.

Abstract: A reverse flow regenerative reactor having first and second zones, each having first and second ends, the first zone having a plurality of channels capable of separately conveying at least two components of a combustible gas mixture, a gas distributor configured for injecting the components of the combustible gas mixture into first zone, a combustion zone including a selective combustion catalyst disposed at or downstream of the second end of said channels for catalyzing combustion, wherein the second zone is positioned and situated to receive a combusted gas mixture. Processes usefully conducted in the reactor are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for cracking hydrocarbon feedstock containing resid comprising: (a) heating a hydrocarbon feedstock containing resid; (b) adding molecular hydrogen to said heated feedstock to form a mixture stream; (c) adding a catalyst containing metal-sulfide particles to said heated feedstock and/or said mixture stream; (d) reacting said mixture in a catalytic hydrovisbreaking reactor under conditions of temperature, pressure and residence time sufficient to catalytically hydrovisbreak at least a portion of said resid into hydrovisbroken hydrocarbon components; (e) passing said reacted mixture stream into a high pressure separator and separating hydrogen from said reacted mixture; (f) passing said reacted mixture through a knockout drum to remove catalyst and unreacted or uncracked resid as a bottoms stream; and (g) passing said catalytically hydrovisbroken hydrocarbon components into a steam cracking furnace and thermally cracking said hydrocarbon components to form light olefins, a

Abstract: The present application is directed to a method and system for monetizing energy. More specifically, the invention is directed to the economically efficient utilization of remote or stranded natural gas resources. The invention includes importing a high energy density material into an energy market and distributing the high energy density material (HEDM) therein. The HEDM is produced from reduction of a material oxide such as boria into the HEDM, which may be boron. The reduction utilizes remote hydrocarbon resources such as stranded natural gas resources.

Abstract: A process for producing a diesel fuel stock from bitumen uses steam and a hydroisomerized diesel fraction produced by a gas conversion process, to respectively stimulate the bitumen production and increase the cetane number of a hydrotreated diesel fuel fraction produced by upgrading the bitumen, to form a diesel stock. The diesel stock is used for blending and forming diesel fuel.

Abstract: A process for producing a diesel fuel stock from bitumen uses steam, naphtha and a hydroisomerized diesel fraction produced by a gas conversion process, to respectively (i) stimulate the bitumen production, (ii) dilute it for pipeline transport to an upgrading facility, and (iii) increase the cetane number of a hydrotreated diesel fuel fraction produced by upgrading the bitumen by blending it with the hydroisomerized gas conversion diesel fraction, to form the diesel stock. This diesel stock has a higher cetane number than that produced from the bitumen alone, and is used for blending and forming diesel fuel.

Abstract: An integrated gas conversion and bitumen production process utilizes steam and light hydrocarbons produced from a natural gas fed gas conversion process, to stimulate the bitumen production and dilute it for transportation by pipeline. Hydrogen for hydroconversion of the bitumen and hydroisomerization of gas conversion hydrocarbons may be produced from part of the synthesis gas generated from the natural gas. The bitumen diluent is preferably naphtha produced by the gas conversion and the diluted bitumen is pipelined to a bitumen upgrading facility.

Abstract: A process for producing a diesel fuel stock from bitumen uses steam, naphtha and a hydroisomerized diesel fraction produced by a gas conversion process, to respectively (i) stimulate the bitumen production, (ii) dilute it for pipeline transport to an upgrading facility, and (iii) increase the cetane number of a hydrotreated diesel fuel fraction produced by upgrading the bitumen by blending it with the hydroisomerized gas conversion diesel fraction, to form the diesel stock. This diesel stock has a higher cetane number than that produced from the bitumen alone, and is used for blending and forming diesel fuel.

Abstract: An integrated gas conversion and bitumen production process utilizes steam and light hydrocarbons produced from a natural gas fed gas conversion process, to stimulate the bitumen production and dilute it for transportation by pipeline. Hydrogen for hydroconversion of the bitumen and hydroisomerization of gas conversion hydrocarbons may be produced from part of the synthesis gas generated from the natural gas. The bitumen diluent is preferably naphtha produced by the gas conversion and the diluted bitumen is pipelined to a bitumen upgrading facility.

Abstract: A process for producing a diesel fuel stock from bitumen uses steam and a hydroisomerized diesel fraction produced by a gas conversion process, to respectively stimulate the bitumen production and increase the cetane number of a hydrotreated diesel fuel fraction produced by upgrading the bitumen, to form a diesel stock. The diesel stock is used for blending and forming diesel fuel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for recovering the transition metal component of catalysts used in the hydroconversion of heavy hydrocarbonaceous materials. In accordance with the invention, a slurry of a transition metal catalyst and hydrocarbon is catalytically desulfurized resulting in a desulfurized product and a solid residue containing the transition metal. The transition metal may be recovered by coking the residue and then dividing the coker residue into two portions are combusted with the flue dust from the first combustion zone being conducted to the second combustion zone. The flue dust from the second combustion zone is treated with ammonia and ammonium carbonate in order to obtain ammonium molybdate.

Abstract: A process for converting a Fischer-Tropsch light oil stream to jet fuel by reacting said stream with a hydroisomerization catalyst in a reaction zone where the stream flows countercurrent to upflowing hydrogen-containing treat gas.

Abstract: A process for converting Fischer-Tropsch wax streams to lubricants by reacting said stream with a dewaxing catalyst in a reaction zone where the stream flows countercurrent to upflowing hydrogen-containing treat gas.

Abstract: Nickel-copper catalysts supported on an acidic carrier, preferably containing a binder, are used to hydroisomerize paraffins, particularly Fischer-Tropsch paraffins, boiling at 350.degree. F.+ into lighter, more valuable products.