Abstract: A chip generator according to an embodiment of the present invention codifies designer knowledge and design trade-offs into a template that can be used to create many different chips. Like reconfigurable designs, an embodiment of the present invention fixes the top level system architecture, amortizes software and validation and design costs, and enables a rich system simulation environment for application developers. Meanwhile, below the top level, the developer can “program” the individual inner components of the architecture. Unlike reconfigurable chips, a chip generator according to an embodiment of the present invention, compiles the program to create a customized chip. This compilation process occurs at elaboration time—long before silicon is fabricated. The result is a framework that enables more customization of the generated chip at the architectural level because additional components and logic can be added if the customization process requires it.

Abstract: A substance detection device, including a chemical substance analyzer, including an ion mobility spectrometer (IMS), a desorber, a conduit, and a membrane. The membrane extends across a cross-section of the conduit, and the membrane is positioned to have a desorber side in gas communication with the desorber and an analysis side opposite the desorber side. The substance detection device can be configured to direct a portion of a chemical substance to the desorber through the conduit so that at least a portion of the entrained chemical substance is transferred to the membrane by interacting with the desorber side of the membrane. The membrane is adapted to diffuse at least a portion of the chemical substance transferred to the membrane through the membrane to the analysis side. The device also includes a particle separator including a protuberance extending into a collection chamber of the particle separator.

Abstract: A substance detection device, including a chemical substance analyzer, including an ion mobility spectrometer (IMS), a desorber, a conduit, and a membrane. The membrane extends across a cross-section of the conduit, and the membrane is positioned to have a desorber side in gas communication with the desorber and an analysis side opposite the desorber side. The substance detection device can be configured to direct a portion of a chemical substance to the desorber through the conduit so that at least a portion of the entrained chemical substance is transferred to the membrane by interacting with the desorber side of the membrane. The membrane is adapted to diffuse at least a portion of the chemical substance transferred to the membrane through the membrane to the analysis side. The device also includes a particle separator including a protuberance extending into a collection chamber of the particle separator.

Abstract: A substance detection device including a chemical substance analyzer, including, a conduit, and a membrane, wherein the membrane extends across a cross-section of the conduit, wherein the membrane is positioned to have one side and an analysis side opposite the one side, wherein the substance detection device is adapted to direct a portion of a chemical substance to the one side through the conduit, the substance detection device further including a particle separation apparatus, including a particle collection device having a collection chamber containing a first fluid and including an outlet, wherein the outlet is in fluid communication with the conduit such that particles directed through the outlet travel through the conduit and chemical substances which may be on those particles directed through the outlet are transferred to the membrane by interacting with the one side of the membrane.

Abstract: A chip generator according to an embodiment of the present invention codifies designer knowledge and design trade-offs into a template that can be used to create many different chips. Like reconfigurable designs, an embodiment of the present invention fixes the top level system architecture, amortizes software and validation and design costs, and enables a rich system simulation environment for application developers. Meanwhile, below the top level, the developer can “program” the individual inner components of the architecture. Unlike reconfigurable chips, a chip generator according to an embodiment of the present invention, compiles the program to create a customized chip. This compilation process occurs at elaboration time—long before silicon is fabricated. The result is a framework that enables more customization of the generated chip at the architectural level because additional components and logic can be added if the customization process requires it.

Abstract: A substance detection device, including a chemical substance analyzer, including an ion mobility spectrometer (IMS), a desorber, a conduit, and a membrane. The membrane extends across a cross-section of the conduit, and the membrane is positioned to have a desorber side in gas communication with the desorber and an analysis side opposite the desorber side. The substance detection device can be configured to direct a portion of a chemical substance to the desorber through the conduit so that at least a portion of the entrained chemical substance is transferred to the membrane by interacting with the desorber side of the membrane. The membrane is adapted to diffuse at least a portion of the chemical substance transferred to the membrane through the membrane to the analysis side. The device also includes a particle separator including a protuberance extending into a collection chamber of the particle separator.

Abstract: A substance detection device including a chemical substance analyzer, including, a conduit, and a membrane, wherein the membrane extends across a cross-section of the conduit, wherein the membrane is positioned to have one side and an analysis side opposite the one side, wherein the substance detection device is adapted to direct a portion of a chemical substance to the one side through the conduit, the substance detection device further including a particle separation apparatus, including a particle collection device having a collection chamber containing a first fluid and including an outlet, wherein the outlet is in fluid communication with the conduit such that particles directed through the outlet travel through the conduit and chemical substances which may be on those particles directed through the outlet are transferred to the membrane by interacting with the one side of the membrane.

Abstract: An adaptive machine translation service for improving the performance of a user's automatic machine translation system is disclosed. A user submits a source document to an automatic translation system. The source document and at least a portion of an automatically generated translation are then transmitted to a reliable modification source (i.e., a human translator) for review and correction. Training material is generated automatically based on modifications made by the reliable source. The training material is sent back to the user together with the corrected translation. The user's automatic translation system is adapted based on the training material, thereby enabling the translation system to become customized through the normal workflow of acquiring corrected translations from a reliable source.

Abstract: The invention relates to isolated mesenchymal stromal stem cell (MSSC) that has been differentiated in vitro towards, or to, an intervertebral disc (IVD) cell phenotype for use as medicaments. The cells may be used to treat spinal conditions characterized by degeneration of the intervertebral disc. The cells may also be genetically transformed with an exogenous gene coding for a protein that reduces degeneration of an intervertebral disc.

Abstract: A machine translation system is trained to generate confidence scores indicative of a quality of a translation result. A source string is translated with a machine translator to generate a target string. Features indicative of translation operations performed are extracted from the machine translator. A trusted entity-assigned translation score is obtained and is indicative of a trusted entity-assigned translation quality of the translated string. A relationship between a subset of the extracted features and the trusted entity-assigned translation score is identified.

Abstract: A method translates a textual input in a first language to a textual output in a second language. An input logical form is generated based on the textual input. When a plurality of transfer mappings in a transfer mapping database match the input logical form (or at least a portion thereof) one or more of those plurality of matching transfer mappings is selected based on a predetermined metric. Textual output is generated based on the selected transfer logical form.

Abstract: A secure, easy to use and aesthetically appealing outdoor fireplace includes a housing, fuel management component and burner assembly. The fuel management component is disposed alongside the burner assembly and facilitates safe and effective distribution of fuel and dispersion of heat. A roller assembly eases fuel tank transfer while providing stable support, and an outer decorative wall cooperates with the frame platform mounted on the roller assembly to enhance the aesthetic appeal of the fireplace. The fireplace maintains a low profile for stability and aesthetics while properly managing heat so as to avoid damaging supporting surfaces as well as components of the fireplace itself.

Abstract: A machine translation system is trained to generate confidence scores indicative of a quality of a translation result. A source string is translated with a machine translator to generate a target string. Features indicative of translation operations performed are extracted from the machine translator. A trusted entity-assigned translation score is obtained and is indicative of a trusted entity-assigned translation quality of the translated string. A relationship between a subset of the extracted features and the trusted entity-assigned translation score is identified.

Abstract: The present invention can be used in a natural language processing system to determine a relationship (such as similarity in meaning) between two textual segments. The relationship can be identified or determined based on logical graphs generated from the textual segments. A relationship between first and second logical graphs is determined. This is accomplished regardless of whether there is an exact match between the first and second logical graphs. In one embodiment, the first graph represents an input textual discourse unit. The second graph, in one embodiment, represents information in a lexical knowledge base (LKB). The input graph can be matched against the second graph, if they have similar meaning, even if the two differ lexically or structurally.

Abstract: In-theater interactive entertainment system. A game server generates video content in digital form and is displayed on a digital display in a theater. A telephony system is connected to the game server enabling a group of individual game participants in the theater to exchange data wirelessly with the game server so that the game participants can interact with video content on the display. It is preferred that at the display is a reflective screen illuminated by a digital projector.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for providing information to an automatic machine translation system to improve translation accuracy is disclosed. The method includes receiving a collection of source text. An attempted translation that corresponds to the collection of source text is received from the automatic machine translation system. A correction input, which is configured to effectuate a correction of at least one error in the attempted translation, is also received. Finally, information is provided to the automatic machine translation system to reduce the likelihood that the error will be repeated in subsequent translations generated by the automatic machine translation system.

Abstract: In response to determining a requested line of data is not stored within a local memory, the requested line of data is written to the local memory from a remote memory. Additionally, a victim page is selected in the local memory in response to the requested line of data not being in the local memory and it is determined whether one or more lines of the victim page are dirty. Furthermore, the one or more dirty lines are written to the remote memory in response to determining that the one or more lines are dirty and the requested line of data is fetched from the remote memory. Moreover, the requested line of data is stored within the page of data at a location previously occupied by the victim page.

Abstract: In response to determining a requested line of data is not stored within a local memory, the requested line of data is written to the local memory from a remote memory. Additionally, a victim page is selected in the local memory in response to the requested line of data not being in the local memory and it is determined whether one or more lines of the victim page are dirty. Furthermore, the one or more dirty lines are written to the remote memory in response to determining that the one or more lines are dirty and the requested line of data is fetched from the remote memory. Moreover, the requested line of data is stored within the page of data at a location previously occupied by the victim page.

Abstract: When an arithmetic operation is to be performed, the operands are concurrently sent to the arithmetic unit to perform the complex arithmetic operation and into an operand check mechanism which determines whether one or both of the operands is a specific instance of a trivial operand. If one of the operands is a specific instance of a trivial operand, the complex arithmetic operations are halted and the check mechanism rapidly outputs the result of the arithmetic operation according to the trivial operand detected. Consequently, the need to perform complex arithmetic operations on trivial operands is avoided.

Abstract: Individual multi-cycle statements or complex arithmetic units such as dividers, multipliers and adders are replaced with a fast, single-cycle cache lookup. This cache contains the results of a specific arithmetic operation using specified operands. These operands were previously utilized by the processor to perform an earlier, but duplicative, operation. Before performing a specific arithmetic operation, the cache is referenced to determine if the operation has been performed. If the operation has been performed, the result is output without the need to perform the multi-cycle arithmetic operation. Preferably, the operands of the arithmetic operation are hashed to form an index to perform a cache lookup. If the portion of the cache indicated by the index registers a "hit", the stored arithmetic result is output. When a cache miss occurs, the arithmetic operation is completed by the arithmetic unit. The result may then be stored in the cache indexed by the operands.