Abstract: Fungal diseases and resulting mycotoxins are reduced or eliminated from plant tissues during crop growth or post-harvest during storage by treatment with an aqueous spray solution prepared from a fungicide composition of a bicarbonate salt containing a surfactant system to reduce the surface tension and contact angle of the spray solution on the plant surface thereby controlling the crystal size of the bicarbonate and re-distribution and adherence of the crystals to the crop vegetation and/or grains.

Abstract: Described is a twin valve attachment for musical instruments, such as a trombone. The attachment includes a lever that is rotatable between a B-Flat configuration and an F note configuration. Also included are first and second rotary valves. The first rotary valve is operably connected with the F lever, while the second rotary valve is operably connected with the first rotary valve. F-attachment piping is fluidly connected with both the first and second rotary valves. Thus, a user may rotate the F lever to selectively direct air flow through the F-attachment piping (for the F note configuration) or bypass the F-attachment piping (for the B-Flat configuration).

Abstract: Described is a twin valve attachment for musical instruments, such as a trombone. The attachment includes a lever that is rotatable between a B-Flat configuration and an F note configuration. Also included are first and second rotary valves. The first rotary valve is operably connected with the F lever, while the second rotary valve is operably connected with the first rotary valve. F-attachment piping is fluidly connected with both the first and second rotary valves. Thus, a user may rotate the F lever to selectively direct air flow through the F-attachment piping (for the F note configuration) or bypass the F-attachment piping (for the B-Flat configuration).

Abstract: Fungal diseases and resulting mycotoxins are reduced or eliminated from plant tissues during crop growth or post-harvest during storage by treatment with an aqueous spray solution prepared from a fungicide composition of a bicarbonate salt containing a surfactant system to reduce the surface tension and contact angle of the spray solution on the plant surface thereby controlling the crystal size of the bicarbonate and re-distribution and adherence of the crystals to the crop vegetation and/or grains.

Abstract: A valve for use in musical wind instruments, associated musical instruments, and methods of fabricating such valves and musical instruments are provided. An exemplary rotor valve includes a solid rotor body having a first, substantially straight passage defined therein extending from a first opening in a peripheral surface of the rotor body to a second opening in the peripheral surface. Second and third passages are formed and extend from associated openings in the peripheral surface to associated openings in a face surface of the rotor body. The first passage may define a first, primary flow path of the instrument and the second and third passages cooperatively define a second flow path of the instrument which incorporates an added length of tubing. In one embodiment, an interchangeable tube insert may be installed in the first passage to define flow characteristics in the first flow path.