Abstract: An environmental control system includes an air conditioning subsystem and a contaminant removal subsystem downstream of the environment to be conditioned. The contaminant removal subsystem includes: a first gas-liquid contactor-separator; a second gas-liquid contactor-separator; and a dehumidifier disposed either upstream of the first gas-liquid contactor-separator or downstream of the second gas-liquid contactor-separator.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide conversion system for an environment includes a first gas-liquid contactor-separator downstream of the environment; an electrochemical conversion cell downstream of the first gas-liquid contactor-separator; and a cleaned ionic liquid storage intermediate the first gas-liquid contactor-separator and the electrochemical conversion cell.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide conversion system for an environment includes a first gas-liquid contactor-separator downstream of the environment; an electrochemical conversion cell downstream of the first gas-liquid contactor-separator; and a cleaned ionic liquid storage intermediate the first gas-liquid contactor-separator and the electrochemical conversion cell.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide conversion system for an environment includes a first gas-liquid contactor-separator downstream of the environment; an electrochemical conversion cell downstream of the first gas-liquid contactor-separator; and a cleaned ionic liquid storage intermediate the first gas-liquid contactor-separator and the electrochemical conversion cell.

Abstract: A contaminant removal system for removing a contaminant from an environment includes a gas separator, a scrubber-separator downstream of the gas separator, and a stripper-separator downstream of the scrubber-separator. The gas separator is configured to receive a cabin air stream from the environment and concentrate the contaminant from the cabin air stream to produce a concentrated cabin air stream. The cabin air stream includes the contaminant, and the concentrated cabin air stream has a higher concentration of the contaminant than the cabin air stream. The scrubber-separator is configured to absorb the contaminant from the concentrated cabin air stream into a liquid sorbent and discharge a clean air stream to the environment. The stripper-separator is configured to desorb the contaminant from the liquid sorbent into a contaminant stream.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide conversion system for an environment includes a first gas-liquid contactor-separator downstream of the environment; an electrochemical conversion cell downstream of the first gas-liquid contactor-separator; and a cleaned ionic liquid storage intermediate the first gas-liquid contactor-separator and the electrochemical conversion cell.

Abstract: An environmental control system includes an air conditioning subsystem; a mix manifold downstream of the air conditioning subsystem and upstream of an environment to be conditioned; and a contaminant removal subsystem downstream of the environment to be conditioned. The contaminant removal subsystem includes a first gas-liquid contactor-separator. The first gas-liquid contactor-separator includes a first rotating porous bed that provides a heat/mass transfer surface for contact between a contaminated air from the environment and a liquid absorbent.

Abstract: An environmental control system includes an air conditioning subsystem and a contaminant removal subsystem downstream of the environment to be conditioned. The contaminant removal subsystem includes a first gas-liquid contactor-separator, a second gas-liquid contactor-separator, and a third gas-liquid contactor-separator. One of the first, the second, and the third gas-liquid contactor-separators is configured to receive used absorbent liquid having at least a first contaminant and discharge at least a first contaminant for recovery and reuse. Another of the first, the second and the third gas-liquid contactor-separators is configured to receive used absorbent liquid having at least a second contaminant and discharge at least the second contaminant for recovery and reuse.

Abstract: An environmental control system includes an air conditioning subsystem; a mix manifold downstream of the air conditioning subsystem and upstream of an environment to be conditioned; and a contaminant removal subsystem downstream of the environment to be conditioned. The contaminant removal subsystem includes a first gas-liquid contactor-separator. The first gas-liquid contactor-separator includes a first rotating porous bed that provides a heat/mass transfer surface for contact between a contaminated air from the environment and a liquid absorbent.

Abstract: A gas compression system includes a system inlet to receive a gas stream containing a first component and a second component, a vapor system outlet to discharge the gas stream, and a plurality of compression stages coupled in series between the system inlet and the vapor system outlet. Each of the plurality of compression stages includes a compressor, a condenser coupled to the compressor, and a gravity-independent phase separator coupled to the condenser. The compressor is configured to receive the gas stream from either the system inlet or another of the plurality of compression stages and compress the gas stream. The condenser is configured to condense the second component from the gas stream. The gravity-independent phase separator is configured to remove the second component from the gas stream and discharge the gas stream to either the system outlet or another of the plurality of compression stages.

Abstract: An environmental control system includes an air conditioning subsystem; a mix manifold downstream of the air conditioning subsystem and upstream of an environment to be conditioned; and a contaminant removal subsystem downstream of the environment to be conditioned. The contaminant removal subsystem includes a first gas-liquid contactor-separator. The first gas-liquid contactor-separator includes a first packed, stationary bed that provides a heat/mass transfer surface for contact between a contaminated air from the environment and a liquid absorbent.

Abstract: An environmental control system includes an air conditioning subsystem; a mix manifold downstream of the air conditioning subsystem and upstream of an environment to be conditioned; and a contaminant removal subsystem downstream of the environment to be conditioned. The contaminant removal subsystem includes a first gas-liquid contactor-separator. The first gas-liquid contactor-separator includes a first packed, stationary bed that provides a heat/mass transfer surface for contact between a contaminated air from the environment and a liquid absorbent.

Abstract: A pyrolysis reactor includes a chamber having an inactive section and an active section. The inactive section is configured to hold an inactive pre-form capable of adhering carbon. The active section is configured to hold an active pre-form capable of adhering carbon. An induction coil is outside of and operatively adjacent the active section, and wherein the active section is configured to pyrolyze a hydrocarbon.

Abstract: An environmental control system includes a carbon dioxide source; a compressor downstream of the carbon dioxide source; a Sabatier reactor downstream of the compressor, wherein the Sabatier reactor reacts carbon dioxide with hydrogen to produce methane and water; a water separator downstream of the Sabatier reactor, wherein the water separator separates hydrocarbons from water, wherein the hydrocarbons include methane; a pyrolysis assembly downstream of the water separator and upstream of the compressor, wherein the pyrolysis assembly pyrolyzes methane to produce carbon and hydrogen, wherein the pyrolysis assembly includes a pre-form that adheres carbon; and an oxygen generating assembly (OGA) downstream of the water separator and upstream of the compressor, wherein the OGA converts water to hydrogen and oxygen.

Abstract: A pyrolysis reactor includes a chamber having an inactive section and an active section. The inactive section is configured to hold an inactive pre-form capable of adhering carbon. The active section is configured to hold an active pre-form capable of adhering carbon. An induction coil is outside of and operatively adjacent the active section, and wherein the active section is configured to pyrolyze a hydrocarbon.

Abstract: An environmental control system includes a carbon dioxide source; a compressor downstream of the carbon dioxide source; a Sabatier reactor downstream of the compressor, wherein the Sabatier reactor reacts carbon dioxide with hydrogen to produce methane and water; a water separator downstream of the Sabatier reactor, wherein the water separator separates hydrocarbons from water, wherein the hydrocarbons include methane; a pyrolysis assembly downstream of the water separator and upstream of the compressor, wherein the pyrolysis assembly pyrolyzes methane to produce carbon and hydrogen, wherein the pyrolysis assembly includes a pre-form that adheres carbon; and an oxygen generating assembly (OGA) downstream of the water separator and upstream of the compressor, wherein the OGA converts water to hydrogen and oxygen.

Abstract: A system is provided, the system including at least one integrated optical circuit (IOC) formed from at least one material, and a support-structure configured to support the at least one IOC to couple light between other components. A performance of the at least one IOC is improved by treatment with at least one selected gas.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide conversion system for an environment includes a first gas-liquid contactor-separator downstream of the environment; an electrochemical conversion cell downstream of the first gas-liquid contactor-separator; and a cleaned ionic liquid storage intermediate the first gas-liquid contactor-separator and the electrochemical conversion cell.

Abstract: An environmental control system includes an air conditioning subsystem and a contaminant removal subsystem downstream of the environment to be conditioned. The contaminant removal subsystem includes a first gas-liquid contactor-separator, a second gas-liquid contactor-separator, and a third gas-liquid contactor-separator. One of the first, the second, and the third gas-liquid contactor-separators is configured to receive used absorbent liquid having at least a first contaminant and discharge at least a first contaminant for recovery and reuse.

Abstract: An environmental control system includes an air conditioning subsystem and a contaminant removal subsystem downstream of the environment to be conditioned. The contaminant removal subsystem includes: a first gas-liquid contactor-separator; a second gas-liquid contactor-separator; and a dehumidifier disposed either upstream of the first gas-liquid contactor-separator or downstream of the second gas-liquid contactor-separator.