Abstract: Provided herein are systems and methods for constructing and using nomograms for adjustment of dosing regimens. The nomograms use measured drug concentration data to determine a specific patient's effective half-life for a drug or set of drugs. The patient-specific effective half-life is used to determine the time at which the drug concentration in the patient's body will reach a target concentration after administration of a dose. Label dosages and dosing intervals are based on an average patient, so adjustment of a dosing regimen for a specific patient better accounts for the patient's unique pharmacokinetic interaction with the drug.

Abstract: A writing pad and holder with a writing pad consisting of a uniform stack of paper sheets, a semi-permanent adhesive backing strip, a pad holding member, a permanent double sided adhesive strip. Each paper sheet has a semi-permanent adhesive backing strip centrally attached to its rear surface. The writing pad fits in a depression in the pad holding member. The pad holding member has a cut out portion allowing the user to access the edge of each paper sheet. The paper sheet has an optional visual indicating feature that helps the user know the proper orientation of the pad in relationship to the cut out portion of the pad holder. The semi-permanent adhesive backing strip is fixed in a perpendicular orientation with respect to the cut out portion of the rigid pad holding member. The pad holder is attached to a tape measure housing with the permanent double adhesive strip.

Abstract: A bumper system adapted to be mounted on a vehicle includes an elongated, inflatable bag fastened by its two ends and by opposed longitudinal ribs to and within a shell having a concave front and a forward facing impact support beam behind the shell spacedly attached to the shell. A rotatable impact energy transfer element is connected to the shell so that it is adjacent to the circumference of a wheel of the vehicle, and the axis of rotation of the transfer element is parallel with the axis of rotation of the wheel of the vehicle.