Abstract: A method for producing a substrate with a copper or a copper-containing coating is disclosed. The method comprises a first step wherein a first precursor, a second precursor and a substrate are provided. The first precursor is a copper complex that contains no fluorine and the second precursor is selected from a ruthenium complex, a nickel complex, a palladium complex or mixtures thereof. In the second step, a layer is deposited at least on partial regions of a surface of the substrate by using the first precursor and the second precursor by means of atomic layer deposition (ALD). The molar ratio of the first precursor:second precursor used for the ALD extends from 90:10 to 99.99:0.01. The obtained layer contains copper and at least one of ruthenium, nickel and palladium. Finally, a reduction is performed step in which a reducing agent acts on the substrate obtained after depositing the copper-containing layer.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for maintaining connectivity with an Internet protocol (IP) phone operating behind a firewall are disclosed. An example method disclosed herein comprises registering the IP phone in response to receiving a first registration request from the IP phone, the first registration request including first registration information, the first registration information including a first public IP address associated with the firewall, storing the first registration information, reregistering the IP phone in response to receiving a second registration request from the IP phone, the second registration request including second registration information, the second registration information including a second public IP address associated with the firewall, the second public IP address different from the first public IP address, and reverting to the stored first registration information to process calls associated with the IP phone.

Abstract: A method for producing a substrate with a copper or a copper-containing coating is disclosed. The method comprises a first step wherein a first precursor, a second precursor and a substrate are provided. The first precursor is a copper complex that contains no fluorine and the second precursor is selected from a ruthenium complex, a nickel complex, a palladium complex or mixtures thereof. In the second step, a layer is deposited at least on partial regions of a surface of the substrate by using the first precursor and the second precursor by means of atomic layer deposition (ALD). The molar ratio of the first precursor:second precursor used for the ALD extends from 90:10 to 99.99:0.01. The obtained layer contains copper and at least one of ruthenium, nickel and palladium. Finally, a reduction is performed step in which a reducing agent acts on the substrate obtained after depositing the copper-containing layer.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for maintaining connectivity with an Internet protocol (IP) phone operating behind a firewall are disclosed. An example method disclosed herein comprises registering the IP phone in response to receiving a first registration request from the IP phone, the first registration request including first registration information, the first registration information including a first public IP address associated with the firewall, storing the first registration information, reregistering the IP phone in response to receiving a second registration request from the IP phone, the second registration request including second registration information, the second registration information including a second public IP address associated with the firewall, the second public IP address different from the first public IP address, and reverting to the stored first registration information to process calls associated with the IP phone.

Abstract: A connection between an external host and a host internal to a network (e.g., VPN or LAN) and located behind a firewall and/or NAT-enabled device is established and maintained. A dynamic DNS server is updated with the remote location (RL) information associated with the internal host. This information includes the dialed number (i.e. the number assigned to the internal host), the physical address of the internal host, the private IP address corresponding to the internal host, the public IP address corresponding to the firewall, and the port on which voice data is to be communicated. Each time the internal host's location changes, a new and updated record is sent to the dynamic DNS server. The call placed by an external host reaches its final destination based on the record information in the DNS server table. Once the connection between the external host and the internal host is established, voice traffic is “cut-through” the firewall on this channel associate with the port designated by the RL record.

Abstract: A connection between an external host and a host internal to a network (e.g., VPN or LAN) and located behind a firewall and/or NAT-enabled device is established and maintained. A dynamic DNS server is updated with the remote location (RL) information associated with the internal host. This information includes the dialed number (i.e. the number assigned to the internal host), the physical address of the internal host, the private IP address corresponding to the internal host, the public IP address corresponding to the firewall, and the port on which voice data is to be communicated. Each time the internal host's location changes, a new and updated record is sent to the dynamic DNS server. The call placed by an external host reaches its final destination based on the record information in the DNS server table.

Abstract: An engine analyzer for an internal combustion engine converts an engine waveform into a digital waveform which is displayed on a monitor. The waveform is converted using two analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion channels. A dedicated A/D control microprocessor is used to control the flow of the digital waveform data between the analog-to-digital conversion channels and a main computer. Waveform data transfer to the main computer is over a dedicated, high speed data bus. A peripheral control microprocessor is used to monitor other engine parameters and shares memory with the A/D control microprocessor.