Abstract: A method comprising: sampling a temporal causal graph from a temporal graph distribution specifying probabilities of directed causal edges between different variables of a feature vector at a present time step, and from one variable at a preceding time step to another variables at the present time step. Based on this there are identified: a present parent which is a cause of the selected variable in the present time step, and a preceding parent which is a cause of the selected variable from the preceding time step. The method then comprises: inputting a value of each identified present and preceding parent into a respective encoder, resulting in a respective embedding of each of the present and preceding parents; combining the embeddings of the present and preceding parents, resulting in a combined embedding; inputting the combined embedding into a decoder, resulting in a reconstructed value of the selected variable.

Abstract: A directional adjustment unit for a headgear for a respiratory mask includes a housing and at least one frictional engagement member arranged to be movable with respect to the housing. The at least one frictional engagement member has an aperture extending therethrough for receiving a filament of a strap of the headgear therethrough. The at least one frictional engagement member in a first movable configuration provides a disengaged configuration with respect to the filament, and in a second movable configuration provides an engaged configuration with respect to the filament. Various headgear, yoke assemblies, mask assemblies, mask frames and headgear filaments, some of which are for use with such a directional adjustment unit.

Abstract: According to this disclosure there is provided various embodiments of directional adjustment unit for a headgear for a respiratory mask, comprising a housing, at least one frictional engagement member arranged to be movable with respect to the housing, the at least one frictional engagement member having an aperture extending therethrough for receiving a filament of a strap of the headgear therethrough, wherein the at least one frictional engagement member in a first movable configuration provides a disengaged configuration with respect to the filament, and in a second movable configuration provides an engaged configuration with respect to the filament. Also disclosed herein are various headgear, yoke assemblies, mask assemblies, mask frames and headgear filaments, some of which are for use with such a directional adjustment unit.

Abstract: A respiratory mask system includes a mask interface and a headgear assembly. The headgear assembly is adjustable and comprised of an elastic portion, a non-elastic portion and a restriction mechanism configured to provide a force resisting movement of the non-elastic portion when the elastic portion is extended. There is a support beam coupled to the non-elastic portion and extending along a portion of the headgear that is curved along its longitudinal extent. In this way particular seal modules can be comfortably fitted to a user and any blow off force is mitigated. A particular example of the respiratory mask system includes provision for removable attachment between the seal and a mask frame, the mask frame and a yoke of the headgear; and between a conduit and the mask frame.

Abstract: A respiratory mask system includes a mask interface and a headgear assembly. The headgear assembly is adjustable and comprised of an elastic portion, a non-elastic portion and a restriction mechanism configured to provide a force resisting movement of the non-elastic portion when the elastic portion is extended. There is a support beam coupled to the non-elastic portion and extending along a portion of the headgear that is curved along its longitudinal extent. In this way particular seal modules can be comfortably fitted to a user and any blow off force is mitigated. A particular example of the respiratory mask system includes provision for removable attachment between the seal and a mask frame, the mask frame and a yoke of the headgear; and between a conduit and the mask frame.

Abstract: FIGS. 1-16D & 66A-92D disclose a large variety of methods of forming the headgear for use in combination with a breathing apparatus including a unitary plastic core within textile casings. In some configurations, the plastic core material penetrates or bursts-through the textile casing of the straps. Some configurations include over moulding, alignment posts, T-joints and joint housings with injection aperture. FIGS. 17-65 & 93A-94C disclose a large variety of different headgear arrangements including top strap, front strap, rear strap and pairs of straps extending from the mask above and below the ear to meet behind the ear. FIGS. 95-121B disclose a large variety of connectors connecting the headgear assembly to the mask assembly where the headgear, mask and connector form a closed loop when the connector is disengaged with the mask assembly.

Abstract: A method comprising: sampling a temporal causal graph from a temporal graph distribution specifying probabilities of directed causal edges between different variables of a feature vector at a present time step, and from one variable at a preceding time step to another variables at the present time step. Based on this there are identified: a present parent which is a cause of the selected variable in the present time step, and a preceding parent which is a cause of the selected variable from the preceding time step. The method then comprises: inputting a value of each identified present and preceding parent into a respective encoder, resulting in a respective embedding of each of the present and preceding parents; combining the embeddings of the present and preceding parents, resulting in a combined embedding; inputting the combined embedding into a decoder, resulting in a reconstructed value of the selected variable.

Abstract: FIGS. 1-16D & 66A-92D disclose a large variety of methods of forming the headgear for use in combination with a breathing apparatus comprising a unitary plastic core within textile casings. In some configurations, the plastic core material penetrates or bursts-through the textile casing of the straps. Some configurations include over moulding, alignment posts, T-joints and joint housings with injection aperture. FIGS. 17-65 & 93A-94C disclose a large variety of different headgear arrangements including top strap, front strap, rear strap and pairs of straps extending from the mask above and below the ear to meet behind the ear. FIGS. 95-121B disclose a large variety of connectors connecting the headgear assembly to the mask assembly where the headgear, mask and connector form a closed loop the connector is disengaged with the mask assembly.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method comprising: accessing a machine learning, ML, model that is operable to sample a causal graph from a graph distribution describing different possible graphs, wherein nodes represent the different variables of said set and edges represent causation, and the graph distribution comprises a matrix of probabilities of existence and causal direction of potential edges between pairs of nodes, and wherein the ML model is trained to be able to generate a respective simulated value of a selected variable from among said set based on the sampled causal graph. The method further comprises using the ML model to estimate a treatment effect from one or more intervened-on variables on another, target variable from among the variables of said set.

Abstract: FIGS. 1-16D & 66A-92D disclose a large variety of methods of forming the headgear for use in combination with a breathing apparatus comprising a unitary plastic core within textile casings. In some configurations, the plastic core material penetrates or bursts-through the textile casing of the straps. Some configurations include over moulding, alignment posts, T-joints and joint housings with injection aperture. FIGS. 17-65 & 93A-94C disclose a large variety of different headgear arrangements including top strap, front strap, rear strap and pairs of straps extending from the mask above and below the ear to meet behind the ear. FIGS. 95-121B disclose a large variety of connectors connecting the headgear assembly to the mask assembly where the headgear, mask and connector form a closed loop the connector is disengaged with the mask assembly.

Abstract: FIGS. 1-16D & 66A-92D disclose a large variety of methods of forming the headgear for use in combination with a breathing apparatus including a unitary plastic core within textile casings. In some configurations, the plastic core material penetrates or bursts-through the textile casing of the straps. Some configurations include over moulding, alignment posts, T-joints and joint housings with injection aperture. FIGS. 17-65 & 93A-94C disclose a large variety of different headgear arrangements including top strap, front strap, rear strap and pairs of straps extending from the mask above and below the ear to meet behind the ear. FIGS. 95-121B disclose a large variety of connectors connecting the headgear assembly to the mask assembly where the headgear, mask and connector form a closed loop the connector is disengaged with the mask assembly.

Abstract: According to this disclosure there is provided various embodiments of directional adjustment unit for a headgear for a respiratory mask, comprising a housing, at least one frictional engagement member arranged to be movable with respect to the housing, the at least one frictional engagement member having an aperture extending therethrough for receiving a filament of a strap of the headgear therethrough, wherein the at least one frictional engagement member in a first movable configuration provides a disengaged configuration with respect to the filament, and in a second movable configuration provides an engaged configuration with respect to the filament. Also disclosed herein are various headgear, yoke assemblies, mask assemblies, mask frames and headgear filaments, some of which are for use with such a directional adjustment unit.