Abstract: A transmitter for a communications link is tested by using a (software) simulation of a reference channel and/or a reference receiver to test the transmitter. In one embodiment for optical fiber communications links, a data test pattern is applied to the transmitter under test and the resulting optical output is captured, for example by a sampling oscilloscope. The captured waveform is subsequently processed by the software simulation, in order to simulate propagation of the optical signal through the reference channel and/or reference receiver. A performance metric for the transmitter is calculated based on the processed waveform.

Abstract: A transmitter for a communications link is tested by using a (software) simulation of a reference channel and/or a reference receiver to test the transmitter. In one embodiment for optical fiber communications links, a data test pattern is applied to the transmitter under test and the resulting optical output is captured, for example by a sampling oscilloscope. The captured waveform is subsequently processed by the software simulation, in order to simulate propagation of the optical signal through the reference channel and/or reference receiver. A performance metric for the transmitter is calculated based on the processed waveform.

Abstract: A system having a video pipeline that includes a variation calculation portion is disclosed. The variance calculation portion calculates a plurality of variance values for a macroblock. A DCT-type indicator for the macroblock is determined based upon the plurality of variance values.

Abstract: A four-bar linkage stretching exercise apparatus includes four bars, four torsion springs, and two handles. Each of the four bars has two U-shaped yokes provided respectively at two ends thereof. The four bars are pivotably interconnected by one of the two U-shaped yokes of one of the bars coupled with one of the two U-shaped yokes of the bar by pivots to form a quadrangular body that is deformable. The handles are respectively mounted on the quadrangular body for holding by a user for applying an external force on the quadrangular body to deform the quadrangular body. The torsion springs are respectively mounted on the pivots for providing the quadrangular body a retaining force against the external force.

Abstract: A system of scaling is disclosed. A data structure is provided including a control word indicative of a number of input pixels associated with a scaling cycle, a number of output pixels associated with a scaling cycle, a number of available phases and a shift variable. Scaling is performed by incrementing a current phase to obtain a adjusted value, decrementing the adjusted value to obtain a second adjusted value, and determining an index value to access a coefficient by right-shifting the second adjusted value.

Abstract: In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, a source image is smoothed to create a smoothed image, and an edge detector is used to create an edge layer. A blending controller is used to control a blending between the source image and the smoothed image. The blended destination image maintains detail while eliminating unwanted noise.