Abstract: Methods are provided for refining natural oil feedstocks. The methods comprise reacting the feedstock in the presence of a metathesis catalyst under conditions sufficient to form a metathesized product comprising olefins and esters. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprise separating the olefins from the esters in the metathesized product. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprise hydrogenating the olefins under conditions sufficient to form a fuel composition. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprise transesterifying the esters in the presence of an alcohol to form a transesterified product.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of zinc alkyl chain growth products via a catalysed chain growth reaction of an alpha-olefin on a zinc alkyl, wherein the chain growth catalyst system employs a group 3-10 transition metal, or a group 3 main group metal, or a lanthanide or actinide complex, and optionally a suitable activator. The products can be further converted into alpha-olefins by olefin displacement of the grown alkyls as alpha-olefins from the zinc alkyl chain growth product, or into primary alcohols, by oxidation of the resulting zinc alkyl chain growth product to form alkoxide compounds, followed by hydrolysis of the alkoxides.

Abstract: High-pressure electrokinetic (“EK”) pumps comprising a hybrid monolith provide a high surface charge density and a continuous stable skeleton morphology with micrometer- sized through-pores. The hybrid monolith of the subject invention has superior mechanical strength and better stability in comparison to prior art monoliths with equivalent mechanical stability. The surface charge of the hybrid monolith can be modified and/or made stable by the use of different chemical reagents. The chemical reagents and resulting modification to the monolith serves to expand the usefulness of the hybrid monolith to a variety of pumping applications including chip-based systems and other applications where the ability to pump an acidic solution is required.

Abstract: A catalyst includes a carrier body and a catalytic portion carried by the carrier body. The catalytic portion includes a plurality of distinct layers of catalytic material, which layers may be deposited through atomic layer deposition techniques. The catalyst may have a selectivity for the conversion of alkanes to alkenes of over 50%. The catalyst may be incorporated in a reactor such as a fluidized bed reactor or a single pass reactor.

Abstract: A screening machine on a frame with a hopper having a conveyor belt. The conveyor belt discharges particulate material poured into the hopper into a rotating barrel screen or vibrating planar screen for sifting the material. A hammermill apparatus is pivotably mounted on a hood member to an arm that is pivotably mounted to the frame of the machine. The hammermill is positioned above the conveyor belt at the discharge end. The hammermill can pivot upwardly relative to the arm upon striking a large object on the conveyor belt, and a spring mounted to the arm and the hood biases the hammermill back to its original position. A hydraulic ram is drivingly linked to the arm for manually or automatically displacing the hammermill relative to the conveyor belt.

Abstract: A mobile screening machine with a frame on tracks, having a hopper and a main conveyor mounted to a frame. The main conveyor conveys particulate matter from the hopper to a screening device positioned beneath the upper end of the main conveyor. The particulate is screened into three grades of coarseness, with the coarsest falling into a chute, the middle coarseness falling onto one lateral conveyor and the finest falling onto an underscreen conveyor, which preferably is driven downhill onto another lateral conveyor. The tracks permit the machine to be driven around the work site and onto and off of a trailer, and the entire machine can be remotely controlled. The downhill conveyor permits loading of the hopper from both sides of the frame.

Abstract: A mobile screening machine with a frame on tracks, having a hopper and a main conveyor mounted to a frame. The main conveyor conveys particulate matter from the hopper to a screening device positioned beneath the upper end of the main conveyor. The particulate is screened into three grades of coarseness, with the coarsest falling into a chute, the middle coarseness falling onto one lateral conveyor and the finest falling onto an underscreen conveyor, which preferably is driven downhill onto another lateral conveyor. The tracks permit the machine to be driven around the work site and onto and off of a trailer, and the entire machine can be remotely controlled. The downhill conveyor permits loading of the hopper from both sides of the frame.

Abstract: A solid, hydrocarbon-insoluble, catalyst component useful in polymerizing olefins containing magnesium, titanium, and halogen further contains an internal electron donor comprising ##STR1## wherein R is selected from C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.9 aryl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkoxy groups; and wherein X and Y are N-R', O, P(O)(OR'), P(O)R', or S, and R' is selected from hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl and alkoxy, and C.sub.6 -C.sub.9 aryl groups, provided that up to two Y groups may be CR'.sub.2 groups.

Abstract: A solid, hydrocarbon-insoluble, olefin-polymerization catalyst component having substantially uniform particles useful in polymerizing olefins is formed by:reacting a magnesium-containing compound with carbon dioxide or sulfur dioxide;forming a two-phase mixture of the resulting magnesium-containing compound with a suitable liquid hydrocarbon-miscible phase and a suitable polar solvent phase;forming particles by adding the two-phase mixture after vigorous agitation to a liquid hydrocarbon; andcontacting the formed particles at least once with a transition metal halide in the presence of an electron donor.

Abstract: An olefin homogeneous polymerization catalyst demonstrating increased activity is formed from a cyclopentadienyl metallocene component, a salt of a compatible cation and a non-coordinating anion, and a C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 trialkylaluminum, preferably triisobutylaluminum. A homogeneous polymerization process comprises controlling polymerization activity with such catalyst by controlling the aluminum/metal (Al/M) molar ratio to a minimal level within the effective range of Al/M ratios.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparation of non-crosslinked linear monofunctional and telechelic difunctional unsaturated polymers wherein the functional groups are acrylate or methacrylate groups. The average functionality number of the monofunctional unsaturated polymers is at least 0.7, as determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The average functionality number of the telechelic difunctional polymers is at least 1.7, as determined by NMR. Alkyl acrylates or alkyl methacrylates are reacted with cyclic olefinic non-conjugated compounds or unsaturated hydrocarbon polymers to prepare monofunctional and difunctional polymers. The process is substantially free of side reactions comprising double bond migration and cyclization.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparation of non-crosslinked linear monofunctional and telechelic difunctional unsaturated polymers wherein the functional groups are reactive terminal groups other than vinyl groups. The average functionality number of the monofunctional unsaturated polymers is at least 0.7, as determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The average functionality number of the telechelic difunctional polymers is at least 1.7, as determined by NMR. Monofunctional olefins and difunctional olefins are reacted with cyclic olefins or unsaturated polymers to prepare difunctional polymers. The process is substantially free of side reactions comprising double bond migration and cyclization.

Abstract: A magnesium-containing supported titanium-containing and a hafnium-containing and/or zirconium-containing catalyst or catalyst component for the polymerization or copolymerization of alpha-olefins.

Abstract: A class of novel heterocyclic aromatic carbamate compounds is described. A method of derivatizing amine-functional compounds with the novel carbamates is also disclosed. The derivatives can be detected using a fluorescence detector. The present composition and method allow femtomole quantities of amine compounds to be detected and measured.

Abstract: A process for making a magnesium-containing supported titanium-containing and vanadium-containing catalyst or catalyst component for the polymerization or copolymerization of alpha-olefins.

Abstract: A multistage method for making a homopolymer or copolymer of an alpha-olefin having increased stiffness and broadened molecular weight distribution.

Abstract: In a solid hydrocarbon-insoluble, alpha-olefin polymerization catalyst component with superior activity, stereospecificity and morphology characteristics comprising the product formed by (A) forming a solution of a magnesium-containing species from a magnesium alkyl (or hydrocarbyl) carbonate or a magnesium carboxylate; (B) precipitating solid particles from such magnesium-containing toluene-based solvent by treatment with a transition metal halide and an organosilane; (C) reprecipitating such solid particles from a mixture containing a cyclic either; and (D) treating the reprecipitated particles with a transition metal compound and an electron donor, the morphology of such component is modified by incorporating a morphology-affecting amount of C.sub.8 -C.sub.10 aromatics within the toluene-based solvent in Step B, Step A, in Step C prior to addition of ether, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: The method for separating from a mother liquor containing at least two liquids, one of the two liquids including the steps of:(a) forming a precipitatable complex from one of the liquids and a complexing agent;(b) precipitating the precipitatable complex from the method liquor; and(c) recovering the second liquid from the remaining mother liquor. Typically, the two liquid substances are tetrahydrofuran and toluene and the complexing agent is titanium tetrachloride. The precipitatable complex is TiCl.sub.4.2C.sub.4 H.sub.8 O or TiCl.sub.4.C.sub.4 H.sub.8 O. Preferably, a cooling step is included in the method to enhance the removal of the precipitatabe complex. Superfractionation of the remaining liquor in distillation columns enables one to recover toluene, hexane, titanium tetrachloride and tetrahydrofuran. An apparatus for carrying out the method of recovering solvents in also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to heterometallic thiocubane compositions containing the M.sub.2.sup.1 M.sub.2.sup.2 S.sub.4 cluster core and methods of making them wherein M.sup.1 is Re, V, Mo or W and M.sup.2 is Co, Cr, Cu, Ni or Fe but preferably Co. More particularly, the invention relates to compositions of the formula M.sub.2.sup.2 M.sub.2.sup.2 S.sub.4 L.sub.2.sup.1 L.sub.2.sup.2 L.sub.2.sup.3 wherein M.sup.1 and M.sup.2 are as above, L.sup.1 is a bidentate sulfur or nitrogen bearing ligand (most preferably a dialkyldithiocarbamate), L.sup.2 is optional but may be an O, N, P or S-containing monodentate donor ligand, and L.sup.3 may be CO, a monodentate anion ligand such as a halide (preferably C1), mercaptide or alkoxide, or another O, N, P, or S containing monodentate donor ligand. The compositions are suitable for making active hydrotreating catalysts.