Abstract: A Vertical-Axis Double-Ducted Vortex-Diffuser-Augmented Wind Turbine comprises an apparatus further comprising a large, hollow, cylindrical tower with external fixed, wind concentrating cowlings and internal hinged, wind inlet vanes. The cowlings are large curved sections that extend outward from the cylindrical tower and perform two functions: 1) capture the wind, entraining it into a tower's core on an upwind side of the tower; and 2) shade a downwind side of the cylindrical tower from the wind, creating a negative pressure on downwind inlet vanes. The inlet vanes extend into the tower's cylindrical core, automatically opening to allow the wind to enter on the upwind side of the tower and automatically close on the downwind side of the cylindrical tower. By working together the external cowlings and internal inlet vanes enable the cylindrical tower to capture and entrain the wind stream into a contained tornado-like vortex.

Abstract: A method for processing metals and materials consisting predominantly of metallic elements through the use of a multifunctional high-pressure particle jet that produces powders, cuts subject materials and performs surface treatment on particles and subject materials. The process comprises entraining metallic particles into a pressurized stream to form a particle jet, impacting the particle jet into a metallic subject material and then regulating or tuning the incident angle of impact relative to the subject matter, the pressure of the pressurized stream in a specific range and the physical and chemical properties of selected materials to conduct cutting, surface treatment of material or production of smaller particles of material.

Abstract: An abrasive-liquid jet cutting head comprising at least one mixing stage; a first mixing chamber arranged to accept a coherent high pressure liquid from an orifice and flow of accelerated abrasive particles from an abrasive feed tube and produce a pressurized slurry-like flow that enters a nozzle; wherein a nozzle to orifice ratio is in a range of about 1.2:1 to 2.49:1 wherein nozzle opening size to orifice opening size is 1.2 to 2.49 times larger in size.

Abstract: A multistage abrasive-liquid jet cutting head comprising at least a first and a second mixing stage. Within the first mixing stage is a first mixing chamber arranged to accept a first flow of accelerated abrasive particles from a first abrasive feed tube and a pressurized liquid flow from an orifice and produce a pressurized slurry-like flow that is introduced to the second mixing stage. Within the second mixing stage is a second mixing chamber arranged to accept and mix a second flow of accelerated abrasive particles from a second abrasive feed tube with the pressurized slurry-like flow from the first mixing stage. An exit nozzle in fluid communication with the second mixing chamber that focuses the combination of the second flow of accelerated abrasive particles from the second abrasive feed tube with the pressurized slurry-like flow from the first mixing stage into an abrasive jet.

Abstract: A multistage abrasive-liquid jet cutting head comprising at least a first and a second mixing stage. Within the first mixing stage is a first mixing chamber arranged to accept a first flow of accelerated abrasive particles from a first abrasive feed tube and a pressurized liquid flow from an orifice and produce a pressurized slurry-like flow that is introduced to the second mixing stage. Within the second mixing stage is a second mixing chamber arranged to accept and mix is second flow of accelerated abrasive particles from a second abrasive feed tube with the pressurized slurry-like flow from the first mixing stage. An exit nozzle in fluid communication with the second mixing chamber that focuses the combination of the second flow of accelerated abrasive particles from the second abrasive feed tube with the pressurized slurry-like flow from the first mixing stage into an abrasive jet.