Abstract: A passive circuit component includes an edge having a low line edge roughness (LER). A method for manufacturing the passive circuit component includes a self-aligned double patterning (SADP) etch process using a tri-layer process flow. The tri-layer process flow includes use of an underlayer, hard mask, and photoresist. The passive circuit component made by this method achieves improved mismatch between like components due to the low LER.

Abstract: A spinal interbody device (IBD) includes a solid wall that at least partially defines a boundary of the IBD and a porous body connected to the solid wall. The porous body includes a plurality of sections that form at least a portion of both a superior and inferior bone interface side of the IBD. Each section of the porous body has a different porosity than an adjacent section such that the porosities increase toward a center of the IBD.

Abstract: A bone fastener includes a head, and a screw portion extends from the head. The screw portion includes a shaft and a thread extending along and about the shaft. The thread has a height extending from a root to a tip thereof. The thread also has first and second portions disposed between the root and the tip. The second portion has a porous structure configured to promote bone ingrowth and has a porosity greater than that of the first portion.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a showerhead assembly includes a heated showerhead having a heater plate and a gas distribution plate coupled together; an ion filter spaced from the heated showerhead; a spacer ring in contact between the heated showerhead and the ion filter; a remote plasma region between the heated showerhead and the ion filter; an upper isolator spaced from the spacer ring and supported on the ion filter; a sealing ring fastened to the heated showerhead sealing against the upper isolator and pushing the upper isolator against the ion filter; a gap between a bottom of the gas distribution plate and a top of the ion filter, the gap being in fluid communication with the remote plasma region; a first passage extending through the heater plate; and a second passage in communication with the first passage and extending through the gas distribution plate, the second passage extending to the gap.

Abstract: An apparatus to treat refractive error of the eye comprises one or more optics configured to project stimuli comprising out of focus images onto the peripheral retina outside the macula. While the stimuli can be configured in many ways, in some embodiments the stimuli are arranged to decrease interference with central vison such as macular vision. The stimuli can be out of focus images may comprise an amount of defocus within a range from about 3 Diopters (“D”) to about 6 D. In some embodiments, the brightness of the stimuli is greater than a brightness of background illumination by an appropriate amount such as at least 3 times the background brightness. In some embodiments, each of a plurality of stimuli comprises a spatial frequency distribution with an amplitude profile having spatial frequencies within a range from about range of 1×10?1 to 2.5×101 cycles per degree.

Abstract: An apparatus to treat refractive error of the eye comprises one or more optics configured to project stimuli comprising out of focus images onto the peripheral retina outside the macula. While the stimuli can be configured in many ways, in some embodiments the stimuli are arranged to decrease interference with central vison such as macular vision. The stimuli can be out of focus images may comprise an amount of defocus within a range from about 3 Diopters (“D”) to about 6 D. In some embodiments, the brightness of the stimuli is greater than a brightness of background illumination by an appropriate amount such as at least 3 times the background brightness. In some embodiments, each of a plurality of stimuli comprises a spatial frequency distribution with an amplitude profile having spatial frequencies within a range from about range of 1×10?1 to 2.5×101 cycles per degree.

Abstract: An apparatus to treat refractive error of the eye comprises one or more optics configured to project stimuli comprising out of focus images onto the peripheral retina outside the macula. While the stimuli can be configured in many ways, in some embodiments the stimuli are arranged to decrease interference with central vison such as macular vision. The stimuli can be out of focus images may comprise an amount of defocus within a range from about 3 Diopters (“D”) to about 6 D. In some embodiments, the brightness of the stimuli is greater than a brightness of background illumination by an appropriate amount such as at least 3 times the background brightness. In some embodiments, each of a plurality of stimuli comprises a spatial frequency distribution with an amplitude profile having spatial frequencies within a range from about range of 1×10?1 to 2.5×101 cycles per degree.

Abstract: An apparatus to treat refractive error of the eye comprises one or more optics configured to project stimuli comprising out of focus images onto the peripheral retina outside the macula. While the stimuli can be configured in many ways, in some embodiments the stimuli are arranged to decrease interference with central vison such as macular vision. The stimuli can be out of focus images may comprise an amount of defocus within a range from about 3 Diopters (“D”) to about 6 D. In some embodiments, the brightness of the stimuli is greater than a brightness of background illumination by an appropriate amount such as at least 3 times the background brightness. In some embodiments, each of a plurality of stimuli comprises a spatial frequency distribution with an amplitude profile having spatial frequencies within a range from about range of 1×10?1 to 2.5×101 cycles per degree.

Abstract: A methodology and system for performing radio network coverage surveys of multiple site candidates concurrently using one reserved channel based on reverse path signal strength measurements of a signal from a test mobile station transmitter (100) to a plurality of prospective base station receiver sites (200, 200?, . . . ) over a geographical area is presented. The instantaneous position, time-stamp and power of the Transmitter (101) is recorded and stored as it moves along a test route(s). Stationary Test Receiver(s) (201) tuned to the selected channel at each prospective site location (200, 200?, . . . ) save received instantaneous signal strength and, it's time-stamp so they can matched up to the position of the Test Transmitter (101) and used to ascertain received signal strength at each site. Results can be useful for ascertaining optimum site locations, antenna configurations, propagation model tuning, frequency planning, pilot planning and extraction of signal correlation statistics.

Abstract: A methodology and system for performing radio network coverage surveys of multiple site candidates concurrently using one reserved channel based on reverse path signal strength measurements of a signal from a test mobile station transmitter (100) to a plurality of prospective base station receiver sites (200, 200?, . . . ) over a geographical area is presented. The instantaneous position, time-stamp and power of the Transmitter (101) is recorded and stored as it moves along a test route(s). Stationary Test Receiver(s) (201) tuned to the selected channel at each prospective site location (200, 200?, . . . ) save received instantaneous signal strength and, it's time-stamp so they can matched up to the position of the Test Transmitter (101) and used to ascertain received signal strength at each site. Results can be useful for ascertaining optimum site locations, antenna configurations, propagation model tuning, frequency planning, pilot planning and extraction of signal correlation statistics.