Abstract: A neural network trainer trains neural networks to estimate secondary data at locations throughout a geological formation where secondary data is unknown. The neural networks are trained to estimate secondary data using locations in the geological formation as input. Subsequently, the secondary data is deleted from memory using the trained neural network as a proxy representation to reduce memory footprint and allow for estimation of secondary data at locations where it is unknown.

Abstract: One example herein involves a method that includes identifying, based on a received reservoir specification: a set fractures including 2.5 dimensional (2.5D)-permitting fractures; and other fractures. The method further includes generating an intermediate reservoir model including an extrusion mesh which models the 2.5D-permitting fractures in a three-dimensional (3D) space. In response to determining that cells in the mesh should be refined in a direction within the 3D space, the method anisotropically refines cells in the mesh corresponding to the other fractures. The method also includes resolving a fracture network within the intermediate reservoir model using the refined cells and then generating a reservoir earth model using the fracture network.

Abstract: A unified geological data representation is generated based on multiple disconnected geological data representations and provided to a computing device. The unified geological data representation is generated based on combining respective grid structures for each disconnected geological data representation. The unified geological data representation is processed by the computing device to generate multiple output collections of geological realization data, each output collection corresponding to a respective one of the disconnected geological data representations. One or more respective virtual models are generated for representation of the generated output collections of geological realization data, and provided for display.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments include a method, apparatus, and computer program product for generating hybrid computational meshes around complex and discrete fractures for the purpose of reservoir simulation. For example, one disclosed embodiment includes a method that comprises receiving a set of 3D fracture surfaces with geometry that has been discretized in a 2D manifold by a collection of polygons. The method defines a family of non-intersecting 2D slicing surfaces for slicing the set of 3D fracture surfaces. The method then uses the intersection of the 2D slicing surface with the 2D manifolds defining the fracture surfaces to create a set of 2D fractures on each slicing surface. Following a series of steps, the method generates three-dimensional shells connecting a set of stadia corresponding to each fracture on each 2D slicing surface to a corresponding set of stadia on a neighboring 2D slicing surface for creating a three-dimensional model.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments include a method, apparatus, and computer program product for generating hybrid computational meshes around complex and discrete fractures for the purpose of reservoir simulation. For example, one embodiment is a computer-implemented method for modeling three-dimensional (3D) geological fractures. The method includes the steps of receiving a set of fractures with geometry that has been discretized in a two-dimensional plane by a collection of line segments. The method generates closed loops around all the line segments associated with a fracture using a set of stadia and further generates shape elements within the closed loops. A constrained mesh around the closed loops of the set of fracture is generated to fill in a remainder space of the two-dimensional plane. The cell elements in the two-dimensional plane can then be extruded in a third dimension to form a three-dimensional model usable for performing reservoir simulations.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for creating reservoir meshes using extended anisotropic, geometry-adaptive refinement of polyhedral. In one example, a method includes identifying, based on a received reservoir specification: a set fractures including 2.5 dimensional (2.5D)-permitting fractures; and other fractures. The method further includes generating an intermediate reservoir model including an extrusion mesh which models the 2.5D-permitting fractures in a three-dimensional (3D) space. In response to determining that cells in the mesh should be refined in a direction within the 3D space, the method anisotropically refines cells in the mesh corresponding to the other fractures. The method also includes resolving a fracture network within the intermediate reservoir model using the refined cells and then generating a reservoir earth model using the fracture network.

Abstract: A unified geological data representation is generated based on multiple disconnected geological data representations and provided to a computing device. The unified geological data representation is generated based on combining respective grid structures for each disconnected geological data representation. The unified geological data representation is processed by the computing device to generate multiple output collections of geological realization data, each output collection corresponding to a respective one of the disconnected geological data representations. One or more respective virtual models are generated for representation of the generated output collections of geological realization data, and provided for display.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments include a method, apparatus, and computer program product for modeling three dimensional objects, such as, but not limited to, fractures, for the purpose of reservoir simulation. For example, one disclosed embodiment includes a method that receives a set of 3D fractures with geometry that has been discretized by 2D surfaces by a collection of polygonal facets, generates a set of 3D stadia at specified radii around each facet in the collection of polygonal facet, generates closed 3D stadia surfaces around intersecting facets, discretizes all 3D stadia surfaces using various shape cells, generates 3D cells within each of the closed 3D stadia surfaces, and assigns each cell reservoir properties suitable for a numeric simulation program, such as, but not limited to, Nexus® Reservoir Simulation Software.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments include a method, apparatus, and computer program product for generating hybrid computational meshes around complex and discrete fractures for the purpose of reservoir simulation. For example, one disclosed embodiment is a computer-implemented method for modeling three-dimensional (3D) geological fractures. The method includes receiving a set of 3D fracture surfaces with geometry that has been discretized in a two-dimensional (2D) manifold by a collection of polygons. The method defines a family of non-intersecting 2D slicing surfaces for slicing the set of 3D fracture surfaces. The method then uses the intersection of the 2D slicing surface with the 2D manifolds defining the fracture surfaces to create a set of 2D fractures on each slicing surface. Following a series of steps, the method logically connects 2D fracture cells corresponding to each fracture from each slicing surface to its above/below neighbors to simulate three-dimensional geology using two-dimensional elements.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments include a method, apparatus, and computer program product for generating hybrid computational meshes around complex and discrete fractures for the purpose of reservoir simulation. For example, one disclosed embodiment includes a method that comprises receiving a set of 3D fracture surfaces with geometry that has been discretized in a 2D manifold by a collection of polygons. The method defines a family of non-intersecting 2D slicing surfaces for slicing the set of 3D fracture surfaces. The method then uses the intersection of the 2D slicing surface with the 2D manifolds defining the fracture surfaces to create a set of 2D fractures on each slicing surface. Following a series of steps, the method generates three-dimensional shells connecting a set of stadia corresponding to each fracture on each 2D slicing surface to a corresponding set of stadia on a neighboring 2D slicing surface for creating a three-dimensional model.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments include a method, apparatus, and computer program product for generating hybrid computational meshes around complex and discrete fractures for the purpose of reservoir simulation. For example, one embodiment is a computer-implemented method for modeling three-dimensional (3D) geological fractures. The method includes the steps of receiving a set of fractures with geometry that has been discretized in a two-dimensional plane by a collection of line segments. The method generates closed loops around all the line segments associated with a fracture using a set of stadia and further generates shape elements within the closed loops. A constrained mesh around the closed loops of the set of fracture is generated to fill in a remainder space of the two-dimensional plane. The cell elements in the two-dimensional plane can then be extruded in a third dimension to form a three-dimensional model usable for performing reservoir simulations.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments include a method, apparatus, and computer program product for modeling three dimensional objects, such as, but not limited to, fractures, for the purpose of reservoir simulation. For example, one disclosed embodiment includes a method that receives a set of 3D fractures with geometry that has been discretized by 2D surfaces by a collection of polygonal facets, generates a set of 3D stadia at specified radii around each facet in the collection of polygonal facet, generates closed 3D stadia surfaces around intersecting facets, discretizes all 3D stadia surfaces using various shape cells, generates 3D cells within each of the closed 3D stadia surfaces, and assigns each cell reservoir properties suitable for a numeric simulation program, such as, but not limited to, Nexus® Reservoir Simulation Software.