Abstract: A machine may comprise a memory configured to store liner polish information; and an electronic control module. The electronic control module may be configured to: determine a load factor based on an amount of load on the engine; determine an end of injection factor associated with the engine; determine a liner polish rate based on the load factor and the end of injection factor; obtain, from the liner polish information stored in the memory, information identifying a previous amount of damage to the engine; determine an amount of time between a current time and a time when the previous amount of damage was calculated; calculate a current amount of damage to the engine based on the previous amount of liner polish, the amount of time, and the liner polish rate; and take a remedial action based on the current amount of damage.

Abstract: A machine may comprise a memory configured to store liner polish information; and an electronic control module. The electronic control module may be configured to: determine a load factor based on an amount of load on the engine; determine an end of injection factor associated with the engine; determine a liner polish rate based on the load factor and the end of injection factor; obtain, from the liner polish information stored in the memory, information identifying a previous amount of damage to the engine; determine an amount of time between a current time and a time when the previous amount of damage was calculated; calculate a current amount of damage to the engine based on the previous amount of liner polish, the amount of time, and the liner polish rate; and take a remedial action based on the current amount of damage.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder case forming a cylinder bore having a centerline and an inner bore surface. A piston disposed within the cylinder bore forms a crown surface. A region defined between the piston and the cylinder bore in a radial direction has an annularly shaped mouth opening surrounding the crown surface. A cylinder head is disposed to cover an open end of the cylinder bore such that a variable volume is defined within the cylinder bore between the cylinder head and the piston. The cylinder head also forms a flame deck in fluid contact with the variable volume. A deflector structure forms a portion of the inner bore surface adjacent the flame deck surface, and is disposed between the flame deck and a topmost ring seal groove of the piston when the piston is at a TDC position.

Abstract: A piston for an internal combustion engine includes a piston body forming a crown portion and a skirt portion. The skirt portion includes a bore that receives a pin for connecting the piston to a connecting rod, and the crown portion forms a bowl surrounded by a flat crown surface having an annular shape and disposed along a plane. The bowl and the flat crown surface meet along a circular edge surrounding a rim of the bowl. The piston further includes an annular protrusion disposed within the bowl adjacent the rim. The annular protrusion has a generally convex shape in cross section created by an upper, inwardly extending surface and a lower, inwardly extending surface that meet along a convex apex. The piston further includes an airfoil surface formed in the flat crown surface. The airfoil surface has a convex shape and extends annularly around the rim of the bowl.

Abstract: A piston for an internal combustion engine includes a piston body forming a crown portion and a skirt portion. The skirt portion includes a bore that is arranged to receive a pin for connecting the piston to a connecting rod. The crown portion forms a bowl surrounded by a flat crown surface having an annular shape. The bowl and the flat crown surface meet along a circular edge surrounding a rim of the bowl. The piston further includes an annular protrusion disposed within the bowl adjacent the rim. The annular protrusion has a generally convex shape in cross section created by an upper, inwardly extending surface and a lower, inwardly extending surface that meet along a convex apex. The piston further includes a recirculation surface formed within the bowl adjacent the annular protrusion. The recirculation surface meets the lower, inwardly extending surface along an inflection edge.

Abstract: A piston for an internal combustion engine includes a piston body forming a crown portion and a skirt portion. The skirt portion includes a bore that is arranged to receive a pin for connecting the piston to a connecting rod. The crown portion forms a bowl surrounded by a flat crown surface having an annular shape. The bowl and flat crown surface meet along a circular edge surrounding a rim of the bowl. The piston further includes an annular protrusion disposed within the bowl adjacent the rim. The annular protrusion has a generally convex shape in cross section that is created by an upper, inwardly extending surface and a lower, inwardly extending surface, which meet along a convex apex.

Abstract: A piston for an internal combustion engine includes a piston body forming a crown portion and a skirt portion. The skirt portion includes a bore that receives a pin for connecting the piston to a connecting rod, and the crown portion forms a bowl surrounded by a flat crown surface having an annular shape and disposed along a plane. The bowl and the flat crown surface meet along a circular edge surrounding a rim of the bowl. The piston further includes an annular protrusion disposed within the bowl adjacent the rim. The annular protrusion has a generally convex shape in cross section created by an upper, inwardly extending surface and a lower, inwardly extending surface that meet along a convex apex. The piston further includes an airfoil surface formed in the flat crown surface. The airfoil surface has a convex shape and extends annularly around the rim of the bowl.

Abstract: A piston for an internal combustion engine includes a piston body forming a crown portion and a skirt portion, the skirt portion including a bore that is arranged to receive a pin for connecting the piston to a connecting rod, the crown portion forming a bowl surrounded by a flat crown surface having an annular shape and disposed along a plane, the bowl and the flat crown surface meeting along a circular edge surrounding a rim of the bowl, and an airfoil surface formed in the flat crown surface, the airfoil surface having a convex shape and extending annularly around the rim of the bowl.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder case forming a cylinder bore having a centerline and an inner bore surface. A piston disposed within the cylinder bore forms a crown surface. A region defined between the piston and the cylinder bore in a radial direction has an annularly shaped mouth opening surrounding the crown surface. A cylinder head is disposed to cover an open end of the cylinder bore such that a variable volume is defined within the cylinder bore between the cylinder head and the piston. The cylinder head also forms a flame deck in fluid contact with the variable volume. A deflector structure forms a portion of the inner bore surface adjacent the flame deck surface, and is disposed between the flame deck and a topmost ring seal groove of the piston when the piston is at a TDC position.