Abstract: Extreme ultraviolet light (EUV) is produced in a laser-produced plasma (LPP) EUV light source when laser light strikes a target. Measuring reflected light from the target by a Return Beam Diagnostics (RBD) module provides data on EUV production, including but not limited to target position, target focus, target shape, and target profile. In a RBD module, a controller sequences an optical switch to direct the reflected light between a blocking element and a sensing device, providing greater flexibility in measuring the reflected light during different aspects of the EUV generation process, such as different power levels and duty cycles of the laser light striking the target.

Abstract: Described herein are embodiments of a method to control energy dose output from a laser-produced plasma extreme ultraviolet light system by adjusting timing of fired laser beam pulses. During stroboscopic firing, pulses are timed to lase droplets until a dose target of EUV has been achieved. Once accumulated EUV reaches the dose target, pulses are timed so as to not lase droplets during the remainder of the packet, and thereby prevent additional EUV light generation during those portions of the packet. In a continuous burst mode, pulses are timed to irradiate droplets until accumulated burst error meets or exceeds a threshold burst error. If accumulated burst error meets or exceeds the threshold burst error, a next pulse is timed to not irradiate a next droplet. Thus, the embodiments described herein manipulate pulse timing to obtain a constant desired dose target that can more precisely match downstream dosing requirements.

Abstract: Described herein are embodiments of a method to control energy dose output from a laser-produced plasma extreme ultraviolet light system by adjusting timing of fired laser beam pulses. During stroboscopic firing, pulses are timed to lase droplets until a dose target of EUV has been achieved. Once accumulated EUV reaches the dose target, pulses are timed so as to not lase droplets during the remainder of the packet, and thereby prevent additional EUV light generation during those portions of the packet. In a continuous burst mode, pulses are timed to irradiate droplets until accumulated burst error meets or exceeds a threshold burst error. If accumulated burst error meets or exceeds the threshold burst error, a next pulse is timed to not irradiate a next droplet. Thus, the embodiments described herein manipulate pulse timing to obtain a constant desired dose target that can more precisely match downstream dosing requirements.

Abstract: An extreme ultraviolet light system includes a steering system that steers and focuses an amplified light beam traveling along a propagation direction to a focal plane near a target location within an extreme ultraviolet light chamber, a detection system including at least one detector positioned to detect an image of a laser beam reflected from at least a portion of a target material within the chamber, a wavefront modification system in the path of the reflected laser beam and between the target location and the detection system, and a controller. The wavefront modification system is configured to modify the wavefront of the reflected laser beam as a function of a target focal plane position along the propagation direction. The controller includes logic for adjusting a location of the focal plane of the amplified light beam relative to the target material based on the detected image of the reflected laser beam.

Abstract: An extreme ultraviolet light system includes a steering system that steers and focuses an amplified light beam traveling along a propagation direction to a focal plane near a target location within an extreme ultraviolet light chamber, a detection system including at least one detector positioned to detect an image of a laser beam reflected from at least a portion of a target material within the chamber, a wavefront modification system in the path of the reflected laser beam and between the target location and the detection system, and a controller. The wavefront modification system is configured to modify the wavefront of the reflected laser beam as a function of a target focal plane position along the propagation direction. The controller includes logic for adjusting a location of the focal plane of the amplified light beam relative to the target material based on the detected image of the reflected laser beam.

Abstract: Energy output from a laser-produced plasma (LPP) extreme ultraviolet light (EUV) system varies based on how well the laser beam can maintain focus on a target material to generate the plasma that gives off light. The system and method described herein optimize EUV light generation by using a closed-loop gradient process to track and fine-tune in real-time the positioning of optical elements that determine how the laser beam is focused on the target material. When real-time alignment of the drive laser on droplet position is achieved, EUV generation is optimized.

Abstract: Energy output from a laser-produced plasma (LPP) extreme ultraviolet light (EUV) system varies based on how well the laser beam can maintain focus on a target material to generate the plasma that gives off light. The system and method described herein optimize EUV light generation by using a closed-loop gradient process to track and fine-tune in real-time the positioning of optical elements that determine how the laser beam is focused on the target material. When real-time alignment of the drive laser on droplet position is achieved, EUV generation is optimized.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a drive laser system producing an amplified light beam of pulses that travels along a drive axis; a beam delivery system that directs the amplified light beam of pulses toward a target region; a target material delivery system that provides a target mixture containing a target material in the target region; two or more sensors radially separated from a main axis that crosses the target region, the two or more sensors being configured to detect energy of ultraviolet electromagnetic radiation emitted from a plasma state of the target material when the amplified light beam of pulses intersects the target mixture; and a controller that receives the output from the two or more sensors. The controller is configured to estimate a relative radial alignment between the target mixture and the drive axis within the target region based on an analysis of the detected energy.

Abstract: The invention provides for rekeying a large cluster of storage security appliances which allows more than two of the storage security appliances to proxy a single storage medium while encrypting the storage medium in a manner that is transparent to any attached server. The invention provides a method for synchronizing encryption of the disk among a large cluster of storage security appliances, while allowing all of the storage security appliances involved to access the storage device being rekeyed in a secure fashion.

Abstract: An extreme ultraviolet light system includes a steering system that steers and focuses an amplified light beam traveling along a propagation direction to a focal plane near a target location within an extreme ultraviolet light chamber, a detection system including at least one detector positioned to detect an image of a laser beam reflected from at least a portion of a target material within the chamber, a wavefront modification system in the path of the reflected laser beam and between the target location and the detection system, and a controller. The wavefront modification system is configured to modify the wavefront of the reflected laser beam as a function of a target focal plane position along the propagation direction. The controller includes logic for adjusting a location of the focal plane of the amplified light beam relative to the target material based on the detected image of the reflected laser beam.

Abstract: A remote entry system for a vehicle includes a portable transmitter and a vehicle-mounted receiver. The receiver alternates between a monitoring state lasting for a monitoring period and a sleep state lasting for a sleep period. A remote control is manually activated and a message sequence is transmitted to the receiver in response to the manual activation for initiating a function of the remote entry system. The message sequence comprises a plurality of blocks transmitted at a predetermined block interval, the blocks including a preamble block and at least one message block. If the receiver detects the preamble block then it enters a reception state for detecting the message block. The preamble block has a predetermined preamble length and is comprised of a plurality of bytes separated by respective off intervals between successive bytes. Each off interval comprises a predetermined off period greater than the predetermined byte period.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a GPS system that uses call-processor intelligence to determine the mode of operation of a GPS receiver located in a GPS terminal. The modes are selected based on the availability of network facilities, the GPS information that can be acquired, or user input requirements.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for firm partitioning of a computing platform.

Abstract: A remote entry system for a vehicle includes a portable transmitter and a vehicle-mounted receiver. The receiver alternates between a monitoring state lasting for a monitoring period and a sleep state lasting for a sleep period. A remote control is manually activated and a message sequence is transmitted to the receiver in response to the manual activation for initiating a function of the remote entry system. The message sequence comprises a plurality of blocks transmitted at a predetermined block interval, the blocks including a preamble block and at least one message block. If the receiver detects the preamble block then it enters a reception state for detecting the message block. The preamble block has a predetermined preamble length and is comprised of a plurality of bytes separated by respective off intervals between successive bytes. Each off interval comprises a predetermined off period greater than the predetermined byte period.

Abstract: Nucleotide and amino acid sequences of cartilage-derived morphogenetic proteins (CDMP-1 and CDMP-2) from human and bovine cartilage extracts. These proteins exhibit chondrogenic activity and can be used to repair cartilage defects in a mammal.

Abstract: A device for heating and warming food featuring a base with a central member axially projecting it surface which provides heat from its exterior surface. The base is cooperatively engageable with one or a plurality of cooking containers having central cavities adapted to frictionally engage the central member thereby heating food in the containers from a central axis. Secondary cooking containers are engageable to axial projections in the primary cooking contains to allow two foods to be heated at the same time from a central area.

Abstract: A sound box vibration-proof seat comprises a top center having a tapered portion at one end thereof; another end of the top center being a stud; the stud being installed with a locking sleeve, a washer, a locking nut and a buckling nut; a seat pad having a recess at a top center thereof for receiving the tapered portion; an outer periphery of the seat pad having an inward engaging surface for tightly engaging an open end of the vibration-reduction cover; and a vibration-reduction cover enclosing the tapered portion; the vibration-reduction cover having a close end; and a center of the close end having a through hole. After the sound box has been moved, a time period is required to correct the position of the top center with respect to the seat pad.

Abstract: An inexpensive, aesthetically pleasing display assembly (10) is provided in the form of an upstanding carrier (12) supporting at least one comestible article (14) such as a multiple-piece simulated candy bouquet (15). The carrier (12) includes a pair of interconnected, angularly oriented panels (20, 22), with the panel (20) having an uppermost open mouth (72) and an elongated passageway (70). The simulated bouquet (15) comprises a plurality of candy pieces (16) each supported by an elongated stem (18). The bouquet stems (18) are inserted into passageway (70), and the panels (20, 22) are separated so as to form a stable, upstanding, self-supporting display assembly (10).

Abstract: A mathematical prognostic in which changes in a number of physiologically significant factors are measured and interpolated to determine a “damage fluction” incident to bacterial infection or other serious inflammation, followed by either or both of in vitro or in vivo investigations of a particular active agent (drug) and adjustment of the model so as better to evaluate the particular active agent. By measuring a large number of physiologically significant factors including, but not limited to, Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Interleukin 10 (IL-10), Nitric Oxide (NO), and others, it is possible to predict life versus death by the damage function, dD/dt. To evaluate one or more drug candidates against inflammation, the mathematical model is applied first, followed by in vivo and/or in vitro investigations, and the in vivo and/or in vitro investigations are in turn used to adjust or to enhance, if applicable, the mathematical model as it is applied to the particular drug candidate.

Abstract: A virtual satellite system server that collects and transmits aiding and assisting data to satellite positioning system enabled device upon an event occurring or upon receipt of a message where the virtual satellite system server may also have a location server that contains location data and determines which virtual satellite system server may respond to another device seeking aiding or assisting information in order for the other device to determine it's position.