Abstract: A method of manufacturing corrosion resistant tubing from seam welded stock of a titanium or titanium alloy metallic material having a hexagonal close-packed crystal structure. The method includes cold pilgering a seam welded tube hollow having a weld area along the seam in a single pass to a final sized tube. The cold pilgering effects a reduction in cross sectional area of the tube hollow of at least 50% and a reduction of wall thickness of at least 50% thereby orienting the crystals in a radial direction. The method also includes annealing the final sized tubing at a temperature and for a time sufficient to effect complete recrystallization and reform grains in the weld area into smaller, homogeneous radially oriented grains. After the recrystallization annealing step, the tubing exhibits enhanced corrosion resistance which is similar to seamless tubing.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing corrosion resistant tubing from seam welded stock of a titanium or titanium alloy metallic material having a hexagonal close-packed crystal structure. The method includes cold pilgering a seam welded tube hollow having a weld area along the seam in a single pass to a final sized tube. The cold pilgering effects a reduction in cross sectional area of the tube hollow of at least 50% and a reduction of wall thickness of at least 50% thereby orienting the crystals in a radial direction. The method also includes annealing the final sized tubing at a temperature and for a time sufficient to effect complete recrystallization and reform grains in the weld area into smaller, homogeneous radially oriented grains. After the recrystallization annealing step, the tubing exhibits enhanced corrosion resistance which is similar to seamless tubing.

Abstract: A tapered wall shaft with a reinforced tip includes a rear portion, a front portion and an interconnecting portion. The interconnecting portion has a smoothly decreasing outer diameter and a smoothly increasing wall thickness. The tapered wall shaft with a reinforced tip is formed by a rotary swaging operation, a sink drawing operation and a rotary swaging operation.

Abstract: A wood golf club shaft adapted to receive a wood club head is about 44 to 45 in. total length from a butt end to a tip end thereof. The shaft comprises a butt section, a tip section, and a tapered section interconnecting the butt and tip sections. The tapered section tapers down toward the tip section at a rate of 0.021 in./in. The tapered section has a length shorter than a length of the butt section, longer than a length of the tip section, and no longer than about 13 in. The shaft has a low kick point disposed at a distance of at least about 29 inches from the butt end.

Abstract: A hollow metallic shaft for sporting implements includes a cylindrical tip section having a first constant wall thickness, a shank section including a tapered portion and having a second constant wall thickness, and a cylindrical portion located adjacent the tapered portion and opposite the tip section. An increase in wall thickness provides additional reinforcement at the tip section. The method of making the shaft includes an initial rotary swaging of an end portion of the shaft followed by a series of sink drawing operations to form a stepped contour on the outer periphery of the shaft. A final rotary swaging of the stepped contour provides the shaft with a smooth taper towards one end.