Abstract: The present invention concerns a process and an apparatus for thermal conversion of biomass and organic wastes. According to the invention, the feedstock is fed into a fluidized-bed reactor, wherein the feed is converted at an elevated temperature under the influence of particulate matter kept in a fluidized state by a fluidizing gas, the particulate matter is transferred from the reactor to a regenerator for regeneration and then recirculated to the reactor after the regeneration, and the converted hydrocarbon products are recovered from the reactor. Both the reactor and the regenerator comprise risers having an axially annular cross section and being equipped with multi-inlet cyclones for the separation of particulate matter. By means of the invention, it is possible to producer pyrolysis oil, the quality of which is higher than that of oil produced with the processes of the prior art.

Abstract: A method for processing carbonaceous material in a reactor. Carbonaceous material, such as sawdust, plant residues from forestry or agricultural processes, municipal solid waste and refuse derived fuel, is fed into the riser section (10) of a reactor (10-15) in which it is contacted with inorganic particulate material and reactor walls at an elevated temperature essentially in the absence of oxygen in order to convert the carbonaceous material at least mainly into gaseous processed products, whereby a gas phase is obtained, containing fluidization gas and processed products. According to the invention a dense suspension is formed into the riser space (10) of the reactor, containing based on the particle number 7×108 to 3×1011 particles/m3 (about 2×107-1×1010 particles/ft3), and the mass ratio between the particulate matter bringing heat into the reactor and the carbonaceous material is in the range of 1:1 to 10:1.

Abstract: When small amounts of zeolite or titanosilicates are added to thermotropic liquid crystalline aromatic polyester, poly(ester-amide) or poly(ester-imide) compositions, the compositions become less flammable. In many cases addition of the zeolite or titanosilicates does not significantly affect other properties of the composition, which may be used as molding resins, for instance to make parts useful in the electrical, electronic or automotive industry.