Abstract: A method of fabrication of Ni electrodes by hydrogen bubbles dynamic templated electrodeposition of Ni on a substrate, the method comprising one of: i) selecting a current, and selecting an electrodeposition time at the selected current according to a deposit target thickness on the substrate; and ii) selecting an electrodeposition time, and selecting a current during the selected electrodeposition time according to the deposit target thickness on the substrate. The dynamic hydrogen bubble templated Ni films comprises micrometer-sized pores at a surface thereof, and pore walls having a cauliflower-like secondary structure.

Abstract: A hydrogen fuel supply system includes a hydrogen generator for generating hydrogen from an energy source at an outlet pressure. An outlet conduit feeds the hydrogen to a user. A controller controls the hydrogen generator to produce hydrogen at the outlet pressure. An input interface receives user demand data and activates the controller in accordance with the user demand data.

Abstract: A hydrogen energy system for a facility that is disposed off-board a vehicle. The system includes a hydrogen generator disposed at the facility for generating hydrogen by water electrolysis, a hydrogen storage apparatus for storing at least some of the hydrogen generated by the hydrogen generator, and a controller having a computer processor for receiving and processing certain control inputs. The controller is operatively connected to the hydrogen generator for controlling the generation of hydrogen based on the control inputs.

Abstract: A gravity gradiometer having quadrupole responders in which a mass quadrupole is supported by a torsional spring forming a flexure allowing rotation of the mass quadrupole about its center of mass. The flexure can be a pair of spaced apart posts. The flexure can be made from glassy metal having at room temperature a high elastic limit, high stiffness, high strength and low internal damping. The flexure can alternatively be a web made of glassy metal.

Abstract: A hydrogen fuel supply system includes a hydrogen generator for generating hydrogen from an energy source at an outlet pressure. An outlet conduit feeds the hydrogen to a user. A controller controls the hydrogen generator to produce hydrogen at the outlet pressure. An input interface receives user demand data and activates the controller in accordance with the user demand data.

Abstract: A hydrogen energy system is provided for one or more buildings. The system includes a hydrogen generator; at least one zone controller for receiving and processing demands from at least one hydrogen user associated with at least one zone of the one or more buildings; and a unit controller for receiving and processing hydrogen demand data received from the at least one zone controller.

Abstract: A hydrogen fuel supply system includes a hydrogen generator for generating hydrogen from an energy source at an outlet pressure. An outlet conduit feeds the hydrogen to a user. A controller controls the hydrogen generator to produce hydrogen at the outlet pressure. An input interface receives user demand data and activates the controller in accordance with the user demand data.

Abstract: A hydrogen fuel supply system includes a hydrogen generator for generating hydrogen from an energy source at an outlet pressure. An outlet conduit feeds the hydrogen to a user. A controller controls the hydrogen generator to produce hydrogen at the outlet pressure. An input interface receives user demand data and activates the controller in accordance with the user demand data.

Abstract: A hydrogen fuel supply system includes a hydrogen generator for generating hydrogen from an energy source at an outlet pressure. An outlet conduit feeds the hydrogen to a user. A controller controls the hydrogen generator to produce hydrogen at the outlet pressure. An input interface receives user demand data and activates the controller in accordance with the user demand data.

Abstract: A hydrogen fuel supply system includes a hydrogen generator for generating hydrogen from an energy source at an outlet pressure. An outlet conduit feeds the hydrogen to a user. A controller controls the hydrogen generator to produce hydrogen at the outlet pressure. An input interface receives user demand data and activates the controller in accordance with the user demand data.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell stack comprising stack walls and a plurality of electrolytic cells within the stack walls, each cell comprising cell members selected from an anode a cathode; a membrane separator frame (14) formed of a non-conductive material and having a frame first planar peripheral surface; a frame second planar peripheral surface; and a central portion defining a membrane-receiving aperture (18); a membrane (20) within the aperture to provide an anolyte circulation chamber and a catholyte circulation chamber distinct one from the other within the frame, an impermeable cell end wall (12) formed of a non-conductive material between the anode and cathode and the anodes and cathodes of adjacent cells of said stack; wherein each of said anode, said cathode, said separator frame and said end wall has a portion defining an anolyte flow inlet channel (30), a catholyte flow inlet channel (32), a spent anolyte channel (36) and a spent catholyte channel(34); said anolyte flow inlet channel and said spent ano

Abstract: An energy distribution network for providing hydrogen fuel to a user comprising; energy source means; hydrogen production means to receive the energy from the energy resource means; hydrogen fuel user means to receive hydrogen from the hydrogen production means; and data collection, storage, control and supply means linked to the energy resource means, the hydrogen production means, and the hydrogen fuel user means to determine, control and supply hydrogen from the hydrogen production means. Preferably, the network comprises one or more water electrolysers and provides for the distribution of hydrogen, for use as a fuel for vehicles, fuel cells, electrical and thermal generators, and the like.

Abstract: An energy distribution network is provided including an energy source; a hydrogen production facility connected to the energy source; a recipient for hydrogen from the hydrogen production facility; and a controller. The controller controls the production of hydrogen by the hydrogen production facility based on inputs including energy resource availability.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell stack comprising stack walls and a plurality of electrolytic cells within the stack walls, each cell comprising cell members selected from an anode a cathode; a membrane separator frame formed of a non-conductive material and having a frame first planar peripheral surface; a frame second planar peripheral surface; and a central portion defining a membrane-receiving aperture; a membrane within the aperture to provide an anolyte circulation chamber and a catholyte circulation chamber distinct one from the other within the frame, an impermeable cell end wall formed of a non-conductive material between the anode and cathode and the anodes and cathodes of adjacent cells of said stack; wherein each of said anode, said cathode, said separator frame and said end wall has a portion defining an anolyte flow inlet channel, a catholyte flow inlet channel, a spent anolyte channel and a spent catholyte channel; said anolyte flow inlet channel and said spent anolyte channel are in communication with

Abstract: A hydrogen replenishment system for providing hydrogen to a hydrogen-receiving apparatus, the system comprising (i) an electrolytic cell for providing source hydrogen; (ii) a compressor means for providing outlet hydrogen at an outlet pressure; (iii) means for feeding the source hydrogen to the compressor means; (iv) means for feeding the outlet hydrogen to the hydrogen-receiving apparatus; (v) central processing unit means for controlling the cell and the compressor; and (vi) user activation means for operably activating the central processing unit means. The invention provides a practical user interface in the treatment of data provided, computed, measured and stored, to offer a convenient, essentially self-contained, hydrogen fuel replenishment system for vehicles based on water electrolysis. The apparatus has virtually no stored hydrogen and provides pressurized hydrogen on the demand of a user.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell stack comprising stack walls and a plurality of electrolytic cells within the stack walls, each cell comprising cell members selected from an anode a cathode; a membrane separator frame formed of a non-conductive material and having a frame first planar peripheral surface; a frame second planar peripheral surface; and a central portion defining a membrane-receiving aperture; a membrane within the aperture to provide an anolyte circulation chamber and a catholyte circulation chamber distinct one from the other within the frame, an impermeable cell end wall formed of a non-conductive material between the anode and cathode and the anodes and cathodes of adjacent cells of said stack; wherein each of said anode, said cathode, said separator frame and said end wall has a portion defining an anolyte flow inlet channel, a catholyte flow inlet channel, a spent anolyte channel and a spent catholyte channel; said anolyte flow inlet channel and said spent anolyte channel are in communication with

Abstract: An improved method of separating hydrogen gas entrained with a first aqueous electrolytic solution of a water electrolyser for producing said hydrogen and said oxygen gas entrained with a second aqueous electrolyte solution, said method comprising producing a first two-phase flow discharge of said hydrogen gas in said first solution; producing a second two-phase flow discharge of said oxygen gas in said second solution; feeding said first discharge to a first separation chamber having a portion defining a hydrogen chamber to effect separation of said hydrogen gas from said first discharge; feeding said second discharge to a second separation chamber having a portion defining an oxygen chamber to effect separation of said oxygen gas from said second discharge; collecting said hydrogen gas from said hydrogen chamber; collecting said oxygen gas from said oxygen chamber; collecting said first discharge; collecting said second discharge; the improvement wherein at least one of said first discharge is discharged in

Abstract: Metallic glass/amorphous metal electrodes produced by rapid solidification (i) having a structure that is either amorphous or nanocrystalline, (ii) containing tile principal alloying element as Ni, (iii) containing alloying additions of Co and at least one member of group IVB, VB, VIB VIIB and/or VIIIB, preferably Cr and V, in the range of 0 to 20 at. %, and when combined with Ni, represent 0.75 to 0.85 of the atomic fraction of the alloy, and (iv) containing metalloid elements comprised preferably of one or more of the elements C, B, Si and P either singly or in combination to represent 0.15 to 0.25 atomic faction of the alloy. The electrodes have excellent thermal stability, improved stability in an aqueous electrolyte and can provide improved current efficiency—anodic overpotential performance. They are used in the electrolysis of aqueous electrolyte solutions such as mixtures of caustic and water in the production of oxygen and hydrogen.

Abstract: An improved electrochemical system includes at least two cells. Each cell defines an anolyte chamber and a catholyte chamber, and includes at least an anode electrode adjacent to the anolyte chamber, and a cathode electrode adjacent to the catholyte chamber. At least one unitary one piece double electrode plate is provided having an electrically conducting frame. At least two single electrode plates are provided, each including an electrically conducting frame for supporting an anode electrode or a cathode electrode. A separator is between the catholyte and anolyte chambers and has at least a peripheral frame formed of a compressible elastomer. An anolyte chamber forming frame formed of a compressible elastomer and a catholyte chamber forming frame member formed of a compressible elastomer are provided within each cell. The anolyte and catholyte chamber forming frame members and the peripheral frame of the separator are compressed to form fluid tight seals when the electrochemical system is assembled.

Abstract: Metallic glass/amorphous metal electrodes produced by rapid solidification (i) having a structure that is either amorphous or nanocrystalline, (ii) containing the principal alloying element as Ni, (iii) containing alloying conditions of Co and Mo in the range of 0 to 8 at . %, and when combined with NI, represent 0.75 to 0.85 of the atomic fraction of the alloy, and (iv) containing metalloid elements comprised of one or more of the elements C,B,Si and P either singly or in combination to represent 0.15 to 0.25 atomic faction of the alloy. The electrodes have excellent thermal stability, improved stability in an aqueous electrolyte and can provide improved current efficiency--anodic overpotential performance. They are used in the electrolysis of aqueous electrolyte solutions such as mixtures of caustic and water in the production of oxygen and hydrogen.