Abstract: A compound of the formula (I): or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is disclosed, as well as processes for and intermediates in the preparation thereof, and a method of antagonizing endothelin.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention relates to a process for preparing 6-O-substituted erythromycin derivatives comprising reacting 2′-substituted and optionally 4″-substituted 9-oxime erythromycin derivatives with an alkylating agent in the presence of a palladium catalyst and phosphine. In another aspect, the invention relates to processes for preparing 6-O-substituted erythromycin ketolides using the palladium-catalyzed alkylation reaction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing quinoline-substituted carbonate and carbamate compounds, which are important intermediates in the synthesis of 6-O-substituted macrolide antibiotics. The process employs metal-catalyzed coupling reactions to provide a carbonate or carbamate of formula (I) or (II) or a substrate that can be reduced to obtain the same.

Abstract: A method of inserting an unreinforced fiber optic member into a duct is disclosed. An elongate, flexible pull cord is inserted into the duct and is attached adjacent its rearward end to the fiber optic member adjacent a forward end thereof. The forward end of the fiber optic member is then introduced into the duct, and fluid such as air is caused to flow along the duct to cause the pull cord and fiber optic member to move into the duct.

Abstract: A compound of the formula (I): or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is disclosed, as well as processes for and intermediates in the preparation thereof, and a method of antagonizing endothelin.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing quinoline-substituted carbonate and carbamate compounds, which are important intermediates in the synthesis of 6-O-substituted macrolide antibiotics. The process employs metal-catalyzed coupling reactions to provide a carbonate or carbamate of formula (I) or (II) or a substrate that can be reduced to obtain the same.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process of preparing a chiral compound of the formula: wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl, and R2 and R2′ are the same, and R2 and R2′ are selected from a group consisting of hydrogen and primary alkyl, or R2 and R2′ taken together form a C3 to C6 cycloalkyl, comprising the steps of chirally reducing a &bgr;-keto ester to afford a &bgr;-hydroxy ester, activating the &bgr;-hydroxy ester by treatment with a sulfonic acid or a derivative thereof to provide an activated compound having sulfonate leaving group, displacing the sulfonate leaving group with an azido moiety, or treating the activated compound with an alkylamine, deprotecting and cyclizing to afford a pyrrolidinone, and reducing the pyrrolidinone to afford a stereoisomerically preferred 3-aminopyrrolidine derivative.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process of preparing a chiral compound of the formula: wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl, and R2 and R2′ are the same, and R2 and R2′ are selected from a group consisting of hydrogen and primary alkyl, or R2 and R2′ taken together form a C3 to C6 cycloalkyl, comprising the steps of chirally reducing a &bgr;-keto ester to afford a &bgr;-hydroxy ester, activating the &bgr;-hydroxy ester by treatment with a sulfonic acid or a derivative thereof to provide an activated compound having sulfonate leaving group, displacing the sulfonate leaving group with an azido moiety, or treating the activated compound with an alkylamine, deprotecting and cyclizing to afford a pyrrolidinone, and reducing the pyrrolidinone to afford a stereoisomerically preferred 3-aminopyrrolidine derivative.

Abstract: A compound of the formula (I): ##STR1## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is disclosed, as well as processes for and intermediates in the preparation thereof, and a method of antagonizing endothelin.

Abstract: A switching system (100) inserts H.320 multi-media protocol-terminating resources (156) into an existing call dynamically, only when the resources are needed, and also removes the resources from an ongoing call dynamically, when the resources are no longer needed, whereby the switching system can provide call features such as hold, conference, disconnect, drop, and transfer, to an H.320 multi-media call and can do so spontaneously, whenever desired during the call, without tying up the resources for the duration of the call even when they are not needed. To extend these capabilities to both single-channel and multi-channel multi-media ISDN BRI calls, the switching system associates a plurality of calls that constitute the individual channels of a multi-channel call and treats the associated calls identically and in unison for purposes of insertion and removal of resources and the providing of features.

Abstract: Certain phosphocholine derivatives having substantial antifungal therapeutic activity are disclosed. The phosphocholine derivatives may be chemically synthesized, enzymatically prepared or extracted from the plant Irlbachia alata. The phosphocholine derivatives are useful in treating fungal infections including those which are dermatophytic, systemic, ophthalmic and vaginal.

Abstract: A fault tolerant processing system including a prediction RAM employs a Lock Step Compare routine. The method developed allows the processing system to recover from single event upsets. In initialization, the branch prediction RAM is set to a known value. An engineering balance is achieved by adding logic to detect a branch RAM error and incurring the delay of re-initializing the entire RAM only when a RAM error has been detected.

Abstract: .beta.- or .gamma.-Ketoesters and .beta.- or .gamma.-ketoamides are asymmetrically reduced with a Ru(II)-BINAP derived catalyst at about 40.degree. C. and about 50 N/mm.sup.2 of hydrogen in the presence of a strong acid.

Abstract: A fault-tolerant computer system having shadow registers for storing the contents of a primary array into a shadow array at the completion of a stored instruction execution. This is accomplished in one clock cycle with all registers being shadowed simultaneously. During rollback of execution steps for a checkpoint retry, the shadow register files provide a signal cycle unload of the shadow array into the primary array. LSSD latches are used in the shadow register file.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel process for the preparation of 1,1-cyclopropanedimethanol cyclic sulfite which comprises: (a) contacting 1,1-cyclopropanedimethanol with dialkylsulfite in the presence of a base; and (b) removing from the reaction mixture the alcohol reaction by-product. This process is incorporated in the additional novel processes for preparing 1-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropaneacetonitrile and 1-(thiomethyl)cyclopropaneacetic acid.

Abstract: .beta.- or .gamma.-Ketoesters and .beta.- or .gamma.-ketoamides are asymmetrically reduced with a Ru(II)-BINAP derived catalyst at about 40.degree. C. and about 50N/mm.sup.2 of hydrogen in the presence of a strong acid.

Abstract: There is disclosed a novel microbial bioconversion process for the synthesis of a trans-hydroxy sulfone intermediate, which is the precursor to topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (TCAI's). TCAI's are effective in the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension. The bioconversion process is carried out in the presence of the microorganism Rhodotorula rubra, or Rhodotorula piliminae and results in a trans-hydroxy sulfone which exhibits a diastereomeric excess of greater than 95%.

Abstract: A computer memory system having partitioned page address for instructions and operands. The partitioning scheme for the virtual addressing memory minimizes the delay between the translation logic and the page translation RAMs. Computer processor performance is delayed by only a single clock cycle by the sharing of the memory address bus control between two address processors.

Abstract: A data processing system includes branch prediction apparatus for storing branch data in a branch prediction RAM after each branch has occurred. The RAM interfaces with branch logic means which tracks whether a branch is in progress and if a branch was guessed. An operational code compression means forms each instruction into a new operation code of lesser bits and embeds a guess bit into the new operational code. Control means decode the compressed operational code as an input to an instruction execution unit whereby conditional branch occurs based on the guess bit provided a branch instruction is not in progress in the system.

Abstract: A system and method for managing the nonvolatile memory capacity of individual workstations within a data processing network having a multiplicity of workstations with resident nonvolatile memory devices. In the context of the embodying network, the invention provides for a selective querying of workstations to determine unused disk capacity, a comparison of such capacity to a threshold defined for the respective workstation, and the generation of an event message indicating sub-threshold capacity. The event is subject to local or network logging, and can include information identifying the workstation and its disk capacity status. A refinement of the invention contemplates the reallocation of disk capacity within the network to avoid premature termination of programs executing on a workstation upon the finding of a sub-threshold capacity in the workstation.