Abstract: A process for the condensation of an aldehyde or ketone starting material with a phenol, unsubstituted in the 4-position, comprises reacting the aldehyde or ketone starting material with the phenol in a reaction mixture in the presence of a soluble or insoluble mercaptosulfonic acid compound under conditions sufficient to bring about formation of a geminal bisphenolic moiety at each aldehyde or ketone moiety in the starting material. A miscible mercaptosulfonic acid compound is characterized by the formula(HS).sub.a -.theta.-(SO.sub.3 H).sub.bor a precursor thereof, wherein .theta. is an alkylene, cycloaliphatic, arylene, alkylenearylene, alkylenecycloaliphatic, alkylenearyl, heterocyclic or alkyleneheterocyclic residue.

Abstract: Compounds having acidic protons and a molecular structure which can delocalize the electron density of the conjugate base (target compounds) are chlorinated by contacting such compounds with a perchloroalkane and aqueous base in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst which is an tetraalkylammonium hydroxide. Chlorinated products, preferably gem-dichloro compounds, are produced. The gem-dichloro compounds are useful for alkylation of aromatic compounds. For instance fluorene is chlorinated to form 9,9-dichlorofluorene which is reacted with such compounds as phenol or aniline to form such compounds as 9,9-bis(hydroxyphenyl)fluorene, 9,9-bis(aminophenyl)fluorene, or 9-aminophenyl-9-chlorofluorene.

Abstract: A thermally stable metal coated carbonaceous fiber batting, fiber tow, yarn or fabric which maintains loft, has some degree of resiliency and some degree of stability in the presence of various concentrations of oxygen at elevated temperatures said fibers having a reversible deflection ratio of greater than 1.2:1 and an aspect ratio greater than 10:1.

Abstract: A thermally stable ceramic and/or metal coated carbonaceous linear fiber batting, fiber tow, yarn or fabric which maintains some degree of stability in the presence of various concentrations of oxygen at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: A thermally stable ceramic coated carbonaceous fiber batting, fiber tow, yarn or fabric which maintains loft, has some degree of resiliency and some degree of stability in the presence of various concentrations of oxygen at elevated temperatures said fibers having a reversible deflection ratio of greater than 1.2:1 and an aspect ratio greater than 10:1.

Abstract: A thermally stable metal coated carbonaceous fiber batting, fiber tow, yarn or fabric which maintains loft, has some degree of resiliency and some degree of stability in the presence of various concentrations of oxygen at elevated temperatures, said fibers having a reversible deflection ratio of greater than 1.2:1 and an aspect ratio greater than 10:1.

Abstract: A thermally stable ceramic coated carbonaceous fiber batting, fiber tow, yarn or fabric which maintains loft, has some degree of resiliency and some degree of stability in the presence of various concentrations of oxygen at elevated temperatures said fibers having a reversible deflection ratio of greater than 1.2:1 and an aspect ratio greater than 10:1.

Abstract: A thermally stable metal coated carbonaceous fiber batting, fiber tow, yarn or fabric which maintains loft, has some degree of resiliency and some degree of stability in the presence of various concentrations of oxygen at elevated temperatures, said fibers having a reversible deflection ratio of greater than 1.2:1 and an aspect ratio greater than 10:1.

Abstract: A lightweight ceramic structure comprising a set porous ceramic composition and a batting, felt or web of carbonaceous fibers within said ceramic composition in a reinforcing amount.

Abstract: A thermally stable ceramic and/or metal coated carbonaceous fiber batting, fiber tow, yarn or fabric which maintains loft, has some degree of resiliency and some degree of stability in the presence of various concentrations of oxygen at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: The present invention is a composition comprising (a) thiocyanogen or a thiocyanogen halide and (b) an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated ketone, e.g. chloranil, in solution in (c) an inert organic solvent. The composition is useful for the introduction of thiocyanate functionality into organic compounds in the same manner as thiocyanogen or thiocyanogen chloride, but is stable over longer periods of time, i.e. one year or more.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a composite material matrix of a synthetic or natural resin with a reinforcement of a multiplicity of lightweight, resilient shaped reforming elongatable, non-linear, non-flammable carbonaceous fibers. The fibers preferably have a sinusoidal or coil-like shape, a reversible deflection ratio of greater than 1.2:1 and an aspect ratio (1/d) greater than 10:1. The fiber-reinforced composite material of the present invention possess excellent impact resistance properties.

Abstract: Polymeric articles made of, for example, polyethylene and copolymers of ethylene, are made more adherent to paint or dyes by first nitrating the polymer, then shaping or forming it in a mould having a polar surface and finally, cooling it in contact with that surface, or extruding a nitrated polymer onto a polar surface and allowing to cool in contact with that surface.