Abstract: A number of variations may include a product that may comprise a gear set, and first, second and third mechanical mechanisms. Each mechanical mechanism may alternatively be open or closed and each may be connected to the gear set. The mechanical mechanisms may be variously open or closed providing a number of gear ratios through the gear set. A fourth mechanical mechanism or a fixed connection may be included. A mode of operation may be provided where the first, second and third mechanical mechanisms are open, and the fourth mechanical mechanism may be closed or the fixed connection may be provided.

Abstract: A propulsion system may include an electric machine and a gear set that may be operatively connected with the electric machine. A crank shaft may extend through the electric machine and the gear set. A battery array may be disposed around the electric machine and the gear set.

Abstract: A product may include a gear set that may have a first gear, a second gear that may be engaged with the first gear and a third gear. The third gear may be held from rotation and may be engaged with the second gear. A carrier may carry the second gear for rotation. A crank may be continuously connected with the carrier to provide input thereto. A torque measurement device may be connected to the third gear.

Abstract: An electric cycle with a frame that may include a tube and an opening. The tube may extend from a first end to a second end and may define a tube interior volume in fluid communication with the opening. An electric power unit may be mounted to the frame proximal the second end of the tube and may have a cooling air inlet and an exhaust port. A cooling path may be defined through the tube interior volume and at least a portion of the electric power unit. The cooling path may be in fluid communication with the opening so that air may flow into the opening, through the tube, into the cooling air inlet and out of the exhaust port of the electric power unit.

Abstract: A number of variations may include an electric cycle powertrain comprising: a motor comprising a rotor and a stator; a crankshaft operatively connected to a first and second pedal assembly; a stepped planetary gear set comprising a sun gear, at least one stepped pinion gear having a first and a second portion operatively connected to each other and operatively connected to the sun gear, wherein the first portion rotates within a grounded first ring gear and the second portion rotates within a second ring gear; wherein the sun gear is connected to the rotor; wherein the second ring gear is operatively connected to the crankshaft and the first and second pedal assemblies; wherein the at least one stepped pinion gear are operatively connected to a carrier; and wherein the carrier is operatively connected to a chain ring operatively connected to a chain to drive a rear sprocket.

Abstract: An electric machine assembly includes an electric machine including a rotor. A controller operatively connected to the electric machine and configured to receive a torque command. The rotor is configured to rotate at a rotor speed (?) based at least partially on the torque command. The controller has a processor and tangible, non-transitory memory on which is recorded instructions for executing a method for determining a cumulative rotor fatigue (FC) based at least partially on the rotor speed. The controller is operative to control at least one operating paramater of the electric machine based at least partially on the cumulative rotor fatigue (FC). The controller is configured to record respective occurrences of the rotor stress value exceeding respective predefined stress levels in chronological order to create a cycle dataset, such that the cycle dataset preserves a time order of the respective occurrences.

Abstract: A number of variations may include an electric cycle powertrain having a first planetary gear set and a second planetary gear set, wherein the second planetary gear set is constructed and arranged to selectively overdrive a pedal cadence and wherein the first planetary gear set is constructed and arranged to selectively provide additional gear ratio for a motor.

Abstract: A number of variations may include an electric cycle powertrain comprising: a motor comprising a rotor and a stator; a crankshaft operatively connected to a first and second pedal assembly; a stepped pinion planetary gear set comprising a sun gear, at least one stepped pinion gear having a first and second pinion operatively attached to each other, wherein the first pinion is operatively connected to the sun gear and rotates within a grounded first ring gear and the second pinion rotates within a second ring gear; wherein the sun gear is further operatively connected to the rotor; wherein the second ring gear is operatively connected to the crankshaft and the first and second pedal assembly; wherein the first and second pinions are operatively connected to a carrier; wherein the second ring gear is operatively connected to the chain; and a torque measuring device operatively connected to the crankshaft.

Abstract: A number of variations may include a product comprising: an extended range battery system for an electric bicycle comprising a first battery system and a second battery system, and wherein direct current biasing is utilized between the first battery system and the second battery system to extend the range of the extended range battery system.

Abstract: A number of variations may include a cable movement detector for determining a movement of a cable. A light source may be directed at the cable. A light detector may receive a reflection of the light source from the cable.

Abstract: A propulsion system may include an electric machine and a gear set that may be operatively connected with the electric machine. A crank shaft may extend through the electric machine and the gear set. A battery array may be disposed around the electric machine and the gear set.

Abstract: An electric machine assembly includes an electric machine including a rotor. A controller operatively connected to the electric machine and configured to receive a torque command. The rotor is configured to rotate at a rotor speed (?) based at least partially on the torque command. The controller has a processor and tangible, non-transitory memory on which is recorded instructions for executing a method for determining a cumulative rotor fatigue (FC) based at least partially on the rotor speed. The controller is operative to control at least one operating paramater of the electric machine based at least partially on the cumulative rotor fatigue (FC). The controller is configured to record respective occurrences of the rotor stress value exceeding respective predefined stress levels in chronological order to create a cycle dataset, such that the cycle dataset preserves a time order of the respective occurrences.

Abstract: A number of variations may include a product comprising: an electric cycle powertrain comprising: a motor; at least one gear set operatively connected to the motor; a chain ring operatively connected to the at least one gear set and a chain; a rear sprocket operatively connected to the chain ring and a rear hub; a crank operatively connected to the chain ring and a first pedal assembly and a second pedal assembly; at least one controller and at least one sensor, wherein the at least one controller is constructed and arranged to process one or more signals from the at least one sensor to apply a torque to the motor to compensate for inertial and spin loss associated with the electric cycle powertrain.

Abstract: A product may include a gear set that may have a first gear, a second gear that may be engaged with the first gear and a third gear. The third gear may be held from rotation and may be engaged with the second gear. A carrier may carry the second gear for rotation. A crank may be continuously connected with the carrier to provide input thereto. A torque measurement device may be connected to the third gear.

Abstract: A number of variations may include a product that may comprise a gear set, and first, second and third mechanical mechanisms. Each mechanical mechanism may alternatively be open or closed and each may be connected to the gear set. The mechanical mechanisms may be variously open or closed providing a number of gear ratios through the gear set. A fourth mechanical mechanism or a fixed connection may be included. A mode of operation may be provided where the first, second and third mechanical mechanisms are open, and the fourth mechanical mechanism may be closed or the fixed connection may be provided.

Abstract: A number of variations may include a product comprising: an electric cycle powertrain comprising: a motor; at least one gear set operatively connected to the motor; a chain ring operatively connected to the at least one gear set and a chain; a rear sprocket operatively connected to the chain ring and a rear hub; a crank operatively connected to the chain ring and a first pedal assembly and a second pedal assembly; at least one controller and at least one sensor, wherein the at least one controller is constructed and arranged to process one or more signals from the at least one sensor to apply a torque to the motor to compensate for inertial and spin loss associated with the electric cycle powertrain.

Abstract: A number of variations may include an electric cycle powertrain comprising: a motor comprising a rotor and a stator; a crankshaft operatively connected to a first and second pedal assembly; a stepped planetary gear set comprising a sun gear, at least one stepped pinion gear having a first and a second portion operatively connected to each other and operatively connected to the sun gear, wherein the first portion rotates within a grounded first ring gear and the second portion rotates within a second ring gear; wherein the sun gear is connected to the rotor; wherein the second ring gear is operatively connected to the crankshaft and the first and second pedal assemblies; wherein the at least one stepped pinion gear are operatively connected to a carrier; and wherein the carrier is operatively connected to a chain ring operatively connected to a chain to drive a rear sprocket.

Abstract: A number of variations may include an electric cycle powertrain having a first planetary gear set and a second planetary gear set, wherein the second planetary gear set is constructed and arranged to selectively overdrive a pedal cadence and wherein the first planetary gear set is constructed and arranged to selectively provide additional gear ratio for a motor.

Abstract: A number of variations may include an electric cycle powertrain comprising: a motor comprising a rotor and a stator; a crankshaft operatively connected to a first and second pedal assembly; a stepped pinion planetary gear set comprising a sun gear, at least one stepped pinion gear having a first and second pinion operatively attached to each other, wherein the first pinion is operatively connected to the sun gear and rotates within a grounded first ring gear and the second pinion rotates within a second ring gear; wherein the sun gear is further operatively connected to the rotor; wherein the second ring gear is operatively connected to the crankshaft and the first and second pedal assembly; wherein the first and second pinions are operatively connected to a carrier; wherein the second ring gear is operatively connected to the chain; and a torque measuring device operatively connected to the crankshaft.

Abstract: An electric cycle with a frame that may include a tube and an opening. The tube may extend from a first end to a second end and may define a tube interior volume in fluid communication with the opening. An electric power unit may be mounted to the frame proximal the second end of the tube and may have a cooling air inlet and an exhaust port. A cooling path may be defined through the tube interior volume and at least a portion of the electric power unit. The cooling path may be in fluid communication with the opening so that air may flow into the opening, through the tube, into the cooling air inlet and out of the exhaust port of the electric power unit.