Abstract: A control system for a vehicle having an internal combustion engine with an exhaust system includes one or more oxygen (O2) sensors disposed proximate to a catalytic converter, a first bias circuit configured to provide a first bias voltage to the one or more O2 sensors, and a second bias circuit configured to provide a second bias voltage to the one or more O2 sensors. A controller is programmed to: upon detecting a cold start condition, connect the one or more O2 sensors to the first bias circuit to receive the first bias voltage to rapidly detect a usable signal indicating light off of the one or more O2 sensors, to thereby facilitate initiation of a closed loop feedback control to reduce exhaust emissions; and subsequently connect the one or more O2 sensors to the second bias circuit to receive the second bias voltage to operate in the closed loop feedback control.

Abstract: An exhaust system for a vehicle having an internal combustion engine includes an exhaust pipe configured to receive an exhaust gas flow from the engine at a predetermined first velocity, and an exhaust gas sensor assembly coupled to the exhaust pipe and in fluid communication with an interior of the exhaust pipe to sense a predetermined constituent contained within the exhaust gas flow. The exhaust gas sensor assembly includes a sensing element disposed at least partially within a protection tube assembly having a plurality of apertures configured to receive a sensor flow (SF) portion of the exhaust gas flow. The plurality of apertures has a combined total flow area that provides a surface averaged total velocity at the sensing element to be greater than or equal to 70% of the first velocity to thereby increase a dynamic response of the exhaust gas sensor assembly.

Abstract: A mounting clip and a mounting assembly include a mounting structure and the mounting clip. The mounting structure includes a mounting feature. The mounting clip includes a base, an inferior leg, and a catch. The base has a through hole therein. The inferior leg is disposed on an anterior side of the base. The catch is disposed on a posterior side of the base. The inferior leg and the catch are configured to engage the mounting structure when the mounting clip is assembled to the mounting structure, such that the mounting feature is accessible through the through hole when the mounting clip is assembled to the mounting structure. The mounting clip also includes a superior leg having a mounting aperture.

Abstract: A mounting clip and a mounting assembly include a mounting structure and the mounting clip. The mounting structure includes a mounting feature. The mounting clip includes a base, an inferior leg, and a catch. The base has a through hole therein. The inferior leg is disposed on an anterior side of the base. The catch is disposed on a posterior side of the base. The inferior leg and the catch are configured to engage the mounting structure when the mounting clip is assembled to the mounting structure, such that the mounting feature is accessible through the through hole when the mounting clip is assembled to the mounting structure. The mounting clip also includes a superior leg having a mounting aperture.