Abstract: A machine that applies both cutting and shearing action to casting-type metal debris and scrap (hereafter “debris”), and thus efficiently reduces both brittle and ductile metals to a useful size. The machine comprises a fixed anvil and a reciprocating jaw, the anvil defining an array of spaced anvil plates and the jaw defining a complementary array of spaced jaw V-shaped jaw bars whose upper and lower legs or lobes are alternately reciprocated in an arc into and out the anvil plate array.

Abstract: A crushing breaking—apparatus is shown having opposed jaw like members between which work to be crushed is placed; the jaw like members are brought closer to each other and in so doing the work becomes crushed; during loading and crushing of the work the lower ends of the jaw like members are held so close to each as to prevent the work, in the main, from falling out from the jaw like members.

Abstract: A portion of a continuously forwardly moving conveyor is caused to move backwards or effectively stand still by virtue of making the conveyor move rearwardly.

Abstract: A system for pouring molten material from a ladle having a pouring nozzle and a cooperating stopper rod is shown having a pressure responsive piston and cylinder assembly effective for causing the initial opening of the stopper rod for providing a relatively high rate of flow of molten material through the nozzle; a linear transducer coupled with the piston and cylinder assembly assures that the piston has the opportunity to move a preselected distance within the cylinder to thereby in turn assuring that the stopper rod will also move to a preselected open position with respect to the nozzle.