Abstract: Provided herein are engineered cell lines. In some embodiments, cells of an engineered cell line have altered expression of a gene and/or altered expression of an miRNA, wherein the altered expression results in increased or decreased production of a virus. The virus is a picornavirus, such as a poliovirus or Enterovirus 71. Also provided herein are methods for using the engineered cells to produce virus, and methods for treating a subject having or at risk of having a viral infection.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for detection of enterovirus D in a sample, particularly detection of enterovirus D68, are provided. The methods include contacting a sample with at least one primer (such as a forward primer and/or a reverse primer) capable of specifically amplifying an EV-D68 viral protein 1 (VP1) nucleic acid or a portion thereof and/or a detectably labeled probe capable of specifically hybridizing to an EV-D68 VP1 nucleic acid, under conditions sufficient for specific amplification of the EV-D68 VP1 nucleic acid by the at least one primer and/or under conditions sufficient for specific hybridization of the probe to the EV-D68 nucleic acid. The amplification of the EV-D68 VP1 nucleic acid and/or the hybridization of the probe to the EV-D68 VP1 nucleic acid is detected, thereby identifying presence of EV-D68 in the sample.

Abstract: Provided herein are engineered cell lines. In some embodiments, cells of an engineered cell line have altered expression of a gene and/or altered expression of an miRNA, wherein the altered expression results in increased or decreased production of a virus. The virus is a picomavirus, such as a poliovirus or Enterovirus 71. Also provided herein are methods for using the engineered cells to produce virus, and methods for treating a subject having or at risk of having a viral infection.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and compositions for detection of enterovirus D in a sample, particularly detection of enterovirus D68. The methods include contacting a sample with at least one primer (such as a forward primer and/or a reverse primer) capable of specifically amplifying an EV-D68 viral protein 1 (VP1) nucleic acid or a portion thereof and/or a detectably labeled probe capable of specifically hybridizing to an EV-D68 VP1 nucleic acid, under conditions sufficient for specific amplification of the EV-D68 VP1 nucleic acid by the at least one primer and/or under conditions sufficient for specific hybridization of the probe to the EV-D68 nucleic acid. The amplification of the EV-D68 VP1 nucleic acid and/or the hybridization of the probe to the EV-D68 VP1 nucleic acid is detected, thereby identifying presence of EV-D68 in the sample.

Abstract: Provided herein are engineered cell lines. In some embodiments, cells of an engineered cell line have altered expression of a gene and/or altered expression of an miRNA, wherein the altered expression results in increased or decreased production of a virus. The virus is a picomavirus, such as a poliovirus or Enterovirus 71. Also provided herein are methods for using the engineered cells to produce virus, and methods for treating a subject having or at risk of having a viral infection.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods that permit detection of all known species of Parechovirus, including Human parechovirus and Ljungan virus (LV). In particular examples the method includes amplifying at least a portion of the 5?NTR of parechovirus nucleic acid molecules obtained from a sample, and detecting the resulting amplicons, but does not require culturing of the virus. The present disclosure also provides methods for determining which particular species or serotype of parechovirus is present in a biological sample. Also provided are oligonucleotide primers and probes that can be used in the disclosed methods.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a newly isolated human coronavirus (SARS-CoV), the causative agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Also provided are the nucleic acid sequence of the SARS-CoV genome and the amino acid sequences of the SARS-CoV open reading frames, as well as methods of using these molecules to detect a SARS-CoV and detect infections therewith. Immune stimulatory compositions are also provided, along with methods of their use.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of using enterovirus-specific primers for the detection and identification of enterovirus infection. Also provided are isolated nucleic acid molecules and kits useful for detection and diagnostic testing of enterovirus infection in a subject.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods that permit detection of all known species of Parechovirus, including Human parechovirus and Ljungan virus (LV). In particular examples the method includes amplifying at least a portion of the 5?NTR of parechovirus nucleic acid molecules obtained from a sample, and detecting the resulting amplicons, but does not require culturing of the virus. The present disclosure also provides methods for determining which particular species or serotype of parechovirus is present in a biological sample. Also provided are oligonucleotide primers and probes that can be used in the disclosed methods.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for detecting the presence of an enterovirus in a clinical sample. The invention additionally discloses a method for typing an enterovirus in a clinical sample. Both methods employ a set of primer oligonucleotides for reverse transcription and amplification that hybridize to conserved regions of the enterovirus genome, and that provide amplicons that include significant portions of the VP1 region that are characteristic of the various serotypes. In the typing method, the invention further provides a database consisting of nucleotide sequences from prototypical enteroviral serotypes, which is used to type the clinical sample by comparing the sequence of its amplicon with each prototypical sequence in the database. The invention additionally provides mixtures of primer oligonucleotides, and a kit for use in conducting the typing method that includes a mixture of the primer oligonucleotides.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of using enterovirus-specific primers for the detection and identification of enterovirus infection. Also provided are isolated nucleic acid molecules and kits useful for detection and diagnostic testing of enterovirus infection in a subject.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a newly isolated human coronavirus (SARS-CoV), the causative agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Also provided are the nucleic acid sequence of the SARS-CoV genome and the amino acid sequences of the SARS-CoV open reading frames, as well as methods of using these molecules to detect a SARS-CoV and detect infections therewith. Immune stimulatory compositions are also provided, along with methods of their use.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for detecting the presence of an enterovirus in a clinical sample. The invention additionally discloses a method for typing an enterovirus in a clinical sample. Both methods employ a set of primer oligonucleotides for reverse transcription and amplification that hybridize to conserved regions of the enterovirus genome, and that provide amplicons that include significant portions of the VP1 region that are characteristic of the various serotypes. In the typing method, the invention further provides a database consisting of nucleotide sequences from prototypical enteroviral serotypes, which is used to type the clinical sample by comparing the sequence of its amplicon with each prototypical sequence in the database.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for detecting the presence of an enterovirus in a clinical sample. The invention additionally discloses a method for typing an enterovirus in a clinical sample. Both methods employ a set of primer oligonucleotides for reverse transcription and amplification that hybridize to conserved regions of the enterovirus genome, and that provide amplicons that include significant portions of the VP1 region that are characteristic of the various serotypes. In the typing method, the invention further provides a database consisting of nucleotide sequences from prototypical enteroviral serotypes, which is used to type the clinical sample by comparing the sequence of its amplicon with each prototypical sequence in the database. The invention additionally provides mixtures of primer oligonucleotides, and a kit for use in conducting the typing method that includes a mixture of the primer oligonucleotides.

Abstract: cDNAs coding for an infectious Western Equine Encephalitis virus (WEE) and infectious Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis virus variant IE (VEE IE) are disclosed in addition to cDNA coding for the structural proteins of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis virus variant IIIA (VEE IIIA). Novel attenuating mutations of WEE and VEE IE and their uses are described. Also disclosed are attenuated chimearic alphaviruses and their uses.