Abstract: Systems and methods are described for making and dispensing continuous loops of dental floss that are formed from a monofilament material, such as PTFE or ePTFE, that glides easily between teeth without fraying or breaking. The continuous loop formation allows a user to apply sufficient tension to a section of floss to allow for flossing between adjacent teeth, without need for a floss-holding device or for the user to secure the floss with multiple wrappings around one or more fingers, which may be awkward, uncomfortable, and may reduce circulation to the fingers. Methods are described for cutting a cylindrical sleeve formed from the monofilament floss material to form continuous loops that may be attached together as a string of continuous loops, may be attached together along one side, or may be detached into individual loops. Furthermore, the use of a dispenser for dispensing individual loops from a string of continuous loops is described.

Abstract: The orthodontic appliance for correction of Class II or III malocclusions attaches to the maxillary arch on an archwire adjacent to the first molar and to the mandibular arch on an archwire in the cuspid or bicuspid area, and applies a low continuous force through the use of two plunger piston type devices, whether the mouth is open or closed. Dual acting piston cylinders are connected together, with first and second piston connecting rods extending in opposing directions from the piston cylinders. A first mounting element is provided at the exterior end of the first piston connecting rod for mounting the first piston connecting rod to at least one of the maxillary teeth, and a second mounting element is provided at the exterior end of the second piston connecting rod for mounting the second piston connecting rod to at least one of the mandibular teeth, for providing a continuous biasing force between the maxillary and mandibular teeth for treatment of malocclusions.

Abstract: The orthodontic appliance for correction of Class II or III malocclusions attaches to the maxillary arch at the first molar and to the mandibular arch on the archwire in the cuspid or bicuspid area, and applies a low continuous force through the use of two plunger piston type devices, whether the mouth is open or closed. Dual acting piston cylinders are connected together, with first and second piston connecting rods extending in opposing directions from the piston cylinders. A first mounting element is provided at the exterior end of the first piston connecting rod for mounting the first piston connecting rod to at least one of the maxillary teeth, and a second mounting element is provided at the exterior end of the second piston connecting rod for mounting the second piston connecting rod to at least one of the mandibular teeth, for providing a continuous biasing force between the maxillary and mandibular teeth for treatment of malocclusions.

Abstract: A subperiosteal bone anchor has a base that is thin and moldable so the base can be conformed to bone where it is to be placed. The base is formed as a plurality of arms, and leaves with central holes in the leaves so screws can urge the leaves against the bone. The edges of the base are scalloped, and very thin to facilitate bone overgrowth. Central to the arms is a stem extending up, and having a variety of connection mechanisms for attachment of orthodontic appliances.

Abstract: An orthodontic appliance has a cylinder with a spring urged plunger therein. The spring is compressed when the plunger is moved into the cylinder; and, one end of the cylinder and the extending end of the plunger are attached between the teeth to be moved. The attachments to the teeth allow universal motion so the law is free to move in all directions anatomically possible. To extend between the upper and lower teeth, the cylinder can be slidable within a second cylinder. The second cylinder allows greater extension of the appliance while maintaining the integrity of the appliance.