Abstract: A method performed by a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may include receiving a configuration message including timing information for monitoring at least a subset of a plurality of beams to receive a set of synchronization signals and receiving the set of synchronization signals based on the timing information. The received set of synchronization signals include a primary synchronization signal and a secondary synchronization signal. The method may include receiving a reference signal along with a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) transmission. The reference signal comprises a sequence that is derived from an index associated with one of the at least the subset of beams and associated with the received set of synchronization signals. The method may include transmitting a random access channel (RACH) transmission. The RACH transmission includes a preamble sequence corresponding to the one of the subset of the plurality of beams.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and apparatuses for determining the ratio of oxidized and reduced forms of a redox couple in solution, each method comprising: contacting first and second stationary working electrodes and first and second counter electrode to the solution; applying a first potential at the first stationary working electrode and a second potential at the second stationary working electrode relative to the respective counter electrodes and measuring first and second constant currents for the first and second stationary working electrodes, respectively; wherein the first and second constant currents have opposite signs and the ratio of the absolute values of the first and second constant currents reflects the ratio of the oxidized and reduced forms of the redox couple in solution. When used in the context of monitoring/controlling electrochemical cells, additional embodiments include those further comprising oxidizing or reducing the solution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and apparatuses for determining the ratio of oxidized and reduced forms of a redox couple in solution, each method comprising: contacting first and second stationary working electrodes and first and second counter electrode to the solution; applying a first potential at the first stationary working electrode and a second potential at the second stationary working electrode relative to the respective counter electrodes and measuring first and second constant currents for the first and second stationary working electrodes, respectively; wherein the first and second constant currents have opposite signs and the ratio of the absolute values of the first and second constant currents reflects the ratio of the oxidized and reduced forms of the redox couple in solution. When used in the context of monitoring/controlling electrochemical cells, additional embodiments include those further comprising oxidizing or reducing the solution.

Abstract: A device for early stabilizing of distracted tissue that includes a first implant, a second implant, a sliding expansion mechanism and a stabilizer. The first implant is capable of being attached to a first tissue region. The second implant is capable of being attached to a second tissue region. The sliding expansion mechanism engages the first implant and the second implant for distracting the first implant away from the second implant to create a distraction space for formation of the distracted tissue. The stabilizer rigidly fixes the first implant and the second implant after disengagement of the sliding expansion mechanism to rigidly stabilize the distracted tissue. The stabilizer includes in whole or in part a biodegradable, bioerodible or bioresorbable material.

Abstract: A device for early stabilizing of distracted tissue that includes a first implant, a second implant, a sliding expansion mechanism and a stabilizer. The first implant is capable of being attached to a first tissue region. The second implant is capable of being attached to a second tissue region. The sliding expansion mechanism engages the first implant and the second implant for distracting the first implant away from the second implant to create a distraction space for formation of the distracted tissue. The stabilizer rigidly fixes the first implant and the second implant after disengagement of the sliding expansion mechanism to rigidly stabilize the distracted tissue. The stabilizer includes in whole or in part a biodegradable, bioerodible or bioresorbable material.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention is a connective tissue distraction device comprising: a first transmitting structure for transmitting force to a first tissue region and a second transmitting structure for transmitting force to a second tissue region by contact with bone, and an expansion device for exerting force distracting the first transmitting structure from the second transmitting structure. At least one of the first transmitting device, the second transmitting device and the expansion structure comprises in whole or in part a biodegradable, bioerodible or bioresorbable material.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention is a connective tissue distraction device comprising: a first transmitting structure for transmitting force to a first tissue region and a second transmitting structure for transmitting force to a second tissue region by contact with bone, and an expansion device for exerting force distracting the first transmitting structure from the second transmitting structure. At least one of the first transmitting device, the second transmitting device and the expansion structure comprises in whole or in part a biodegradable, bioerodible or bioresorbable material.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention is a connective tissue distraction device comprising: a first transmitting structure for transmitting force to a first tissue region and a second transmitting structure for transmitting force to a second tissue region by contact with bone, and an expansion device for exerting force distracting the first transmitting structure from the second transmitting structure. At least one of the first transmitting device, the second transmitting device and the expansion structure comprises in whole or in part a biodegradable, bioerodible or bioresorbable material.

Abstract: The present invention recognizes that existing distraction devices have certain disadvantages, including the requirement to remove materials in the distraction device from the subjects body after distraction is completed. Depending on the location of distraction, this procedure can be of varying degrees of undesireability. One aspect of the present invention is a connective tissue distraction device comprising: a first transmitting means for transmitting force to a first tissue region and a second transmitting means for transmitting force to a second tissue region by contact with bone, expansion means for exerting force distracting said first transmitting means from said second transmitting means, wherein at least one of said first transmitting means, said second transmitting means and said expansion means comprises in whole or in part a biodegradable, bioerodible or bioresorbable material.

Abstract: The present invention recognizes that existing distraction devices have certain disadvantages, including the requirement to remove materials in the distraction device from the subjects body after distraction is completed. Depending on the location of distraction, this procedure can be of varying degrees of undesireability. One aspect of the present invention is a connective tissue distraction device comprising: a first transmitting means for transmitting force to a first tissue region and a second transmitting means for transmitting force to a second tissue region by contact with bone, expansion means for exerting force distracting said first transmitting means from said second transmitting means, wherein at least one of said first transmitting means, said second transmitting means and said expansion means comprises in whole or in part a biodegradable, bioerodible or bioresorbable material.

Abstract: A specific test for active demyelinzation is based on a discovery that free myelin basic protein can be detected in cerebrospinal fluid by the use of a radioimmunoassay, and that the level of basic protein found corresponds to the activity of demyelinating pathologies. A simple method is utilized, wherein samples of cerebrospinal fluid are assayed and the results of the assay are compared with standard samples of myelin basic protein. Patients with active demyelinating diseases have high levels (17-100ng/ml) of basic protein; those with progressive pathologies have less (6-16 ng/ml); and those in remission have less than 4 ng/ml, comparable to the control population.