Abstract: An analog encoder of one embodiment of the invention is disclosed that includes an input mechanism, a digital signal processing mechanism, and an output mechanism. The input mechanism is to receive and digitize different analog encoder signals. The digital signal processing mechanism is to generate inverse analog encoder signals from the different analog encoder signals, and to apply dynamically changeable gain and offset corrections in real-time. The output mechanism is to generate digital quadrature signals from crossing points among the analog encoder signals and the inverse analog encoder signals, and a position value based on a direction of the digital quadrature signals for external access.

Abstract: Systems and methods for transmissive optical sensing of media information encoding are disclosed. In addition, print media and methods of making print media are disclosed. One embodiment of an exemplary method, among others, includes, advancing a portion of a print medium through a transmissive sensor assembly, the portion of the print medium having a barcode, the barcode being minimally transmissive of a set of light wavelengths, and the barcode being encoded with at least one type of information corresponding to the print medium; transmitting light at the set of light wavelengths substantially absorbed by the barcode through the print medium; and detecting changes in the light transmitted through the print medium, the changes being produced by the substantially absorptive barcode.

Abstract: A sensing mechanism for an image-forming device of one embodiment of the invention is disclosed that includes a first light source, a second light source, a detector, and a controller. The first light source is positioned incident to a first side of media, whereas the second light source is positioned incident to a second side of media opposite of the first side of the media. The detector is positioned incident to the second side of the media to detect first light transmitted through the media as output by the first light source, and to detect second light reflected off the media as output by the second light source. The controller is to detect at least one characteristic of the media based on a ratio of the first light to the second light.

Abstract: A method of an embodiment of the invention is disclosed that advances media sheets through an image-forming device such that each successive pair of media sheets are advanced at least substantially adjacent to one another. The method transmissively optically senses a leading edge of each of the media sheets and a lagging edge of each of the media sheets. The method detects occurrence of an out-of-media sheets situation where a length of time after the lagging edge of one of the media sheets has been optically sensed exceeds a threshold length of time.

Abstract: An analog encoder of one embodiment of the invention is disclosed that includes an input mechanism, a digital signal processing mechanism, and an output mechanism. The input mechanism is to receive and digitize different analog encoder signals. The digital signal processing mechanism is to generate inverse analog encoder signals from the different analog encoder signals, and to apply dynamically changeable gain and offset corrections in real-time. The output mechanism is to generate digital quadrature signals from crossing points among the analog encoder signals and the inverse analog encoder signals, and a position value based on a direction of the digital quadrature signals for external access.

Abstract: A method of an embodiment of the invention is disclosed that advances media sheets through an image-forming device such that each successive pair of media sheets are advanced at least substantially adjacent to one another. The method transmissively optically senses a leading edge of each of the media sheets and a lagging edge of each of the media sheets. The method detects occurrence of an out-of-media sheets situation where a length of time after the lagging edge of one of the media sheets has been optically sensed exceeds a threshold length of time.

Abstract: A sensing mechanism for an image-forming device of one embodiment of the invention is disclosed that includes a first light source, a second light source, a detector, and a controller. The first light source is positioned incident to a first side of media, whereas the second light source is positioned incident to a second side of media opposite of the first side of the media. The detector is positioned incident to the second side of the media to detect first light transmitted through the media as output by the first light source, and to detect second light reflected off the media as output by the second light source. The controller is to detect at least one characteristic of the media based on a ratio of the first light to the second light.

Abstract: A system and a method are provided for velocity modulation to create pulseless delivery of a fluid by a pump, particularly a piston pump. The system and method require input of data, such as a user-entered dispense rate or analog current or voltage input proportional to a desired output rate. A timer or counter is pre-loaded from a lookup table stored in a processor. The time or counter is started and, upon detection of an overflow condition, the motor and table pointer are incremented one step. As a result, pulseless operation of a pump is achieved.