Abstract: The present disclosure provides a detergent additives and methods for preparing a sulfurized alkyl phenate product from polyalphaolefins.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system and method for smart auto-vending during a pandemic. The purpose is to increase efficiency in order fulfillment of prepacked and non-prepacked products in terms of speed, low cost, and sterilization. The system comprises: a box station; dispensers/dispensing subsystems; sterilization stations with different sterilization methods; a packaging station with different packaging methods; a shipping station for smart shipping with automatic self-driving vehicles or drones; a main conveyor and sub-conveyors that move an order through the system. In addition, there may be one dispensing subsystem for weighing, bagging, and sterilizing non-prepackaged grocery products. The system's AI function is also used to optimize items stored in each dispenser/dispensing subsystem. All of these components and methods come together to form an integrated, streamlined, and optimized system and method for carrying out online order fulfillment efficiently.

Abstract: A method for predicating a service life of a fuel filter includes causing a fuel pump of a fuel system to direct fuel through a fuel filter of a fuel system. The method also includes receiving work cycle data from machines that implement a same or similar fuel system. The method further includes receiving, via sensors of the fuel system, fuel system data and determining, from the fuel system data, a pressure difference across the fuel filter. The method further includes determining, based on the work cycle data, predicted load cycle data for the fuel system and determining, via a filter life model, a filter service interval representing an amount of time the fuel filter is operable in the fuel system prior to the pressure difference reaching a predetermined value.

Abstract: A method for predicating a service life of a fuel filter includes causing a fuel pump of a fuel system to direct fuel through a fuel filter of a fuel system. The method also includes receiving work cycle data from machines that implement a same or similar fuel system. The method further includes receiving, via sensors of the fuel system, fuel system data and determining, from the fuel system data, a pressure difference across the fuel filter. The method further includes determining, based on the work cycle data, predicted load cycle data for the fuel system and determining, via a filter life model, a filter service interval representing an amount of time the fuel filter is operable in the fuel system prior to the pressure difference reaching a predetermined value.

Abstract: A fuel system for an engine is disclosed. The engine may have a crankshaft and a plurality of cylinders. The fuel system may have a plurality of plungers separately connectable to the crankshaft and a plurality of fuel injectors associated with the plurality of cylinders. The fuel system may also have a common rail configured to store pressurized fuel. The fuel system may additionally have a plurality of first conduits, each first conduit fluidly connecting a barrel associated with a respective one of the plurality of plungers to the common rail. The fuel system may also have a plurality of second conduits, each second conduit fluidly connecting the common rail to a respective one of the plurality of fuel injectors.

Abstract: A combustion engine system and a method of operating the combustion engine system are disclosed. The combustion engine system includes a first fuel pump operatively coupled to a first prime mover and fluidly coupled to a fuel reservoir, a first power source operatively coupled to the first prime mover, the first power source including a first controller, a third fuel pump having an inlet that is fluidly coupled to a discharge of the first fuel pump, a first filter in fluid communication with the first fuel pump, a combustion engine fluidly coupled to a discharge of the third fuel pump and operative to convert fuel from the third fuel pump into shaft power. The first controller is configured to drive the first prime mover at a substantially constant power, independent of a rate of consumption of the fuel by the combustion engine.

Abstract: A fluid filtration system for use with an internal combustion engine includes a fluid inlet, a fluid manifold fluidly connected to the fluid inlet, and a plurality of filter elements rotatably coupled to the fluid manifold such that an order of fluid flow through the plurality of filter elements is varied according to a position of an individual fuel filter element of the plurality of fuel filter elements with respect to the fluid manifold. The fluid filtration system may be configured such that fluid flows in series through the plurality of filter elements and the plurality of filter elements is configured to be rotated such that the order of fluid flow through the plurality of filter elements is varied such that a filter element of the plurality of filter elements which was previously a final filter element in the series becomes a first filter element in the series.

Abstract: A fixed disc drive includes a built-in user level security system. The system includes instructions that create an user interface upon a computer allowing interaction with security features of the drive without relying upon BIOS compatibility. In a specific embodiment, the user level security interface is provided by the disc drive during the system boot sequence. A method of disc drive security includes receiving a request from a computer to provide an operating system, and responsively providing user level security interface instructions. The user level security instructions are then executed by the computer to generate a user level security interface. If the drive is in a locked state, the interface requires an user to provide an acceptable password otherwise access to data on the drive is forbidden or otherwise restricted.

Abstract: Because of the relatively high pressures experienced within fuel injectors, several internal components can undergo substantial deformation each time fuel is pressurized to injection levels. In some instances, such as when a solenoid operated control valve is positioned near a distortion region, the internal distortion can cause a fuel injector to behave with less predictability, and can undermine consistency from one fuel injector to another, since distortion levels and affects therefrom are likely to vary substantially from one injector to another. In order to desensitize fuel injector performance to this internal distortion, a deflection cavity is disposed within the fuel injector between the distortion region and the needle valve of the fuel injector. This strategy finds particular applicability to needle control valves disposed deep within fuel injectors in order to control fluid pressure on a closing hydraulic surface of a direct control needle valve, which opens and closes the nozzle outlets.

Abstract: A disc-drive system and method for generating logical zones that each have an approximate number of spare sectors, and that are used to translate logical block addresses. A disc drive includes a disc-drive housing and a disc assembly mounted to rotate within the housing. A transducer is positionable to transduce data to and from first, second and third zones. An address translator translates a logical block address to a position address. A controller is operable to control positioning of the transducer based on the position address, wherein a first predetermined number of spare sectors are allocated to the first zone, and a second predetermined number of spare sectors are allocated to the second zone and third zone combined. Some embodiments further include a logical zone table, wherein each logical zone includes one or more zones based on a number of defects found in each zone, in order that each logical zone includes a similar number of defects.

Abstract: A system for adapting head switching sequence in a disc drive includes a method of measuring the time duration for a head switch operation and the time duration of a track switch operation. The system compares the two time durations to determine whether head switching or track switching should be utilized within a zone of tracks on the surface of the data disc. Track switch time durations and head switch time durations may be averaged within a zone and the averages compared to determine whether to use head switching or track switching.

Abstract: Because of the relatively high pressures experienced within fuel injectors, several internal components can undergo substantial deformation each time fuel is pressurized to injection levels. In some instances, such as when a solenoid operated control valve is positioned near a distortion region, the internal distortion can cause a fuel injector to behave with less predictability, and can undermine consistency from one fuel injector to another, since distortion levels and affects therefrom are likely to vary substantially from one injector to another. In order to desensitize fuel injector performance to this internal distortion, a deflection cavity is disposed within the fuel injector between the distortion region and the needle valve of the fuel injector. This strategy finds particular applicability to needle control valves disposed deep within fuel injectors in order to control fluid pressure on a closing hydraulic surface of a direct control needle valve, which opens and closes the nozzle outlets.

Abstract: A method of storing values that involves splitting each value into a n-bit value and an overflow value, and storing, in a main table, the n-bit values in order of increasing magnitude of the values. For each overflow value, the position of the smallest n-bit value is stored in an overflow table. To retrieve a value, the position of the corresponding n-bit value is compared to the positions stored in the overflow value to determine the overflow value of the n-bit value. The actual value is then obtained from the n-bit value and its overflow value.

Abstract: A system for adapting head switching sequence in a disc drive includes a method of measuring the time duration for a head switch operation and the time duration of a track switch operation. The system compares the two time durations to determine whether head switching or track switching should be utilized within a zone of tracks on the surface of the data disc. Track switch time durations and head switch time durations may be averaged within a zone and the averages compared to determine whether to use head switching or track switching.

Abstract: A disc-drive system and method for generating logical zones that each have an approximate number of spare sectors, and that are used to translate logical block addresses. A disc drive includes a disc-drive housing and a disc assembly mounted to rotate within the housing. A transducer is positionable to transduce data to and from first, second and third zones. An address translator translates a logical block address to a position address. A controller is operable to control positioning of the transducer based on the position address, wherein a first predetermined number of spare sectors are allocated to the first zone, and a second predetermined number of spare sectors are allocated to the second zone and third zone combined. Some embodiments further include a logical zone table, wherein each logical zone includes one or more zones based on a number of defects found in each zone, in order that each logical zone includes a similar number of defects.

Abstract: A method of storing values that involves splitting each value into a n-bit value and an overflow value, and storing, in a main table, the n-bit values in order of increasing magnitude of the values. For each overflow value, the position of the smallest n-bit value is stored in an overflow table. To retrieve a value, the position of the corresponding n-bit value is compared to the positions stored in the overflow value to determine the overflow value of the n-bit value. The actual value is then obtained from the n-bit value and its overflow value.

Abstract: A defective track management method is provided for managing defective tracks in a disc drive where the logical zone table is generated after the drive certification test which determines the defect distribution; allocating sectors to achieve a constant number of sectors per track for a particular logical zone in the logical zone table wherein some sectors may be spare sectors allocated efficiently to avoid under sparing or over sparing, as the defect distribution on the disc drive has already been determined; and reassigning defective sectors to the spare sectors corresponding to the track or cylinder where the defective sector is located.