Abstract: An overhung external spur gear positive displacement pump for hot oil or deep fryer applications is disclosed. The external gear pump includes a thermoplastic casing that includes a through bore for accommodating a drive shaft that leads to a pump chamber that accommodates a drive gear and a driven gear. The thermoplastic casing is connected to a stationary pin. The thermoplastic casing also includes a proximal end coupled to a motor and a distal end coupled to a thermoplastic head. The gears are enclosed in the pump chamber by the thermoplastic head. The stationary pin is accommodated within the driven gear and the drive shaft is coupled to the drive gear. The thermoplastic head is provided in the form of a plate with a plurality of holes for accommodating fasteners that couple the thermoplastic head to the distal end of the thermoplastic casing.

Abstract: Electrically heated pumps are disclosed that include electric heating elements that are linked to a process controller. In a magnetic drive pump, the external jacketing on the pump head, pressure relief valve and casing can be replaced with electric heating elements attached to the pump through the use of adhesive or mechanical fastening devices. For the bracket portion of the magnetic drive pump, the external jacketing can be removed and the heating element is attached to the canister that contains the liquid and that is located between the inner and outer magnetic drive assemblies. Through the use of appropriately placed thermocouples in the head, pressure relief valve, casing, bracket, canister, etc., and a single or multi-channel on/off, proportional or PID controller, the heating zones may be linked together, monitored and controlled to the application requirements. The disclosed pump designs may also be applied to auxiliary equipment such as strainers.

Abstract: Electrically heated pumps are disclosed that include electric heating elements that are linked to a process controller. The disclosed pump designs can be applied to packed seal, lip seal, mechanical seal and magnetic drive pumps. For packed, lip and mechanical seal pumps, the external jacketing on the pump, including the head, casing, pressure relief valve and bracket, can be replaced with electric heating elements, such as flexible or custom form membranes, attached to the pump through the use of adhesive or mechanical fastening devices. For the magnetic drive pump, the external jacketing on the pump head, pressure relief valve and casing can be replaced with electric heating elements attached to the pump through the use of adhesive or mechanical fastening devices. For the bracket portion of the magnetic drive pump, the external jacketing can be removed and the heating element is attached to the canister that contains the liquid and that is located between the inner and outer magnetic drive assemblies.

Abstract: Metallic nanoparticles are provided which can be used in forming metallic film conductors at reduced temperatures compatible with plastic carriers for the film conductors. This is realized by using a lower molecular weight organic encapsulant of the nanoparticle and thereby reducing the temperature at which the organic encapsulant evaporates. Further, the sintering or melting temperature of the metallic nanoparticle is reduced by using a lower sized nanoparticle, thereby increasing the particle surface area relative to the particle volume and thus reducing the required heat and melting temperature of the particle.

Abstract: Metallic nanoparticles are provided which can be used in forming metallic film conductors at reduced temperatures compatible with plastic carriers for the film conductors. This is realized by using a lower molecular weight organic encapsulant of the nanoparticle and thereby reducing the temperature at which the organic encapsulant evaporates. Further, the sintering or melting temperature of the metallic nanoparticle is reduced by using a lower sized nanoparticle, thereby increasing the particle surface area relative to the particle volume and thus reducing the required heat and melting temperature of the particle.