Abstract: The present invention aims to improve the efficiency of automobile development by front loading the evaluation of an on-road driving test, and comprises a virtual evaluation step of simulating the on-road driving test using a driving environment model which models a driving environment, an operating state model which models an operating state, and a vehicle model which models the actual vehicle; a bench test evaluation step of imitating the on-road driving test by combining a part or all of the actual vehicle, a part or all of the vehicle model, a part or all of the driving environment model, and a part or all of the operating state model, and conducting a bench test of a part or all of the actual vehicle, and an on-road driving test evaluation step of conducting the on-road driving test of the actual vehicle in a real driving environment.

Abstract: A method for passivating a photodiode so as to reduce dark current, Isdark, due to the exposed semiconductor material on the sidewall of the device. The method includes etching away sidewall surface damage using a succinic acid-hydrogen peroxide based sidewall etch. This is followed by a subsequent hydrochloric acid (HCl)-based surface treatment which completes the surface treatment and reduces the dark current Isdark. Finally, a polymer coating of benzocyclobutene (BCB) is applied after the surface treatment to stabilize the surface and prevent oxidation and contamination which would otherwise raise the dark current were the diodes left with no coating. The BCB is then etched away from the contact pad areas to allow wirebonding and other forms of electrical contact to the diodes. Such method effectively stabilizes the etched surfaces of photodiodes resulting in significantly reduced and stable dark current.

Abstract: A method for passivating a photodiode so as to reduce dark current, Isdark, due to the exposed semiconductor material on the sidewall of the device. The method includes etching away sidewall surface damage using a succinic acid-hydrogen peroxide based sidewall etch. This is followed by a subsequent hydrochloric acid (HCl)-based surface treatment which completes the surface treatment and reduces the dark current Isdark. Finally, a polymer coating of benzocyclobutene (BCB) is applied after the surface treatment to stabilize the surface and prevent oxidation and contamination which would otherwise raise the dark current were the diodes left with no coating. The BCB is then etched away from the contact pad areas to allow wirebonding and other forms of electrical contact to the diodes. Such method effectively stabilizes the etched surfaces of photodiodes resulting in significantly reduced and stable dark current.