Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods for gathering, calculating and sending positioning information at a user device to one or more networks. In a first implementation, a user device transforms pseudorange information relating to terrestrial beacons into GNSS pseudorange information. In a second implementation, a user device sends position information using GNSS information elements. In a third implementation, a user device sends position information using non-GNSS information elements.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for operating a cellular communications system of a type that comprises a Base Station/Mobile Switching Center/Interworking function (BMI), a message center (MC), and at least one mobile station. The method includes the steps of transmitting a point-to-point message (e.g., a SMS message), or a point-to-multipoint message (e.g., a Broadcast SMS message), from the MC via the BMI to the mobile station; buffering an acknowledgement message in the mobile station when it is determined by the mobile station that the acknowledgement message either cannot be transmitted, or cannot be transmitted in its entirety; and then subsequently automatically transmitting the buffered acknowledgement message when transmission becomes possible. Also disclosed is a method for buffering user-originated SMS messages in the mobile station until the SMS message can be transmitted to the network.