Abstract: Provided are cortical interneurons and other neuronal cells and in vitro methods for producing such cortical interneurons and other neuronal cells by the directed differentiation of stem cells and neuronal progenitor cells. The present disclosure relates to novel methods of in vitro differentiation of stem cells and neural progenitor cells to produce several type neuronal cells and their precursor cells, including cortical interneurons, hypothalamic neurons and pre-optic cholinergic neurons. The present disclosure describes the derivation of these cells via inhibiting SMAD and Wnt signaling pathways and activating SHH signaling pathway. The present disclosure relates to the novel discovery that the timing and duration of SHH activation can be harnessed to direct controlled differentiation of neural progenitor cells into either cortical interneurons, hypothalamic neurons or pre-optic cholinergic neurons.

Abstract: Provided are cortical interneurons and other neuronal cells and in vitro methods for producing such cortical interneurons and other neuronal cells by the directed differentiation of stem cells and neuronal progenitor cells. The present disclosure relates to novel methods of in vitro differentiation of stem cells and neural progenitor cells to produce several type neuronal cells and their precursor cells, including cortical interneurons, hypothalamic neurons and pre-optic cholinergic neurons. The present disclose describes the derivation of these cells via inhibiting SMAD and Wnt signaling pathways and activating SHH signaling pathway. The present disclosure relates to the novel discovery that the timing and duration of SHH activation can be harnessed to direct controlled differentiation of neural progenitor cells into either cortical interneurons, hypothalamic neurons or pre-optic cholinergic neurons.

Abstract: A system for displaying time-based events on a time line is described. A first timeline unit (1) displays a first timeline showing a first plurality of events within a first time segment (3) bounded by a first begin time and a first end time. A second timeline unit (2) displays a second timeline showing a second plurality of events within a second time segment (4) bounded by a second begin time and a second end time, wherein the first timeline and the second timeline are displayed in the same scale. An interaction unit (5) enables a user to indicate a change to the displayed time segments (3, 4). A time segment updater (6) determines an updated first time segment (3) and an updated second time segment (4) based on the indicated change, keeping the scale of the first timeline equal to the scale of the second timeline, and keeping an offset between the first time segment (3) and the second time segment (4) constant.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of isolating a purified or enriched population of cortical or striatal immature interneuron progenitor cells and the isolated purified or enriched population of immature interneuron progenitor cells. Methods of treating a condition mediated by a loss or deficiency of interneuron function using the purified or enriched population of immature interneuron progenitor cells are also disclosed.

Abstract: Example embodiments of the present invention update copies of a file stored in a distributed storage system and provide a unique set of features, including multi-master writes, requiring a quorum response for writes, allowing multikey transactions, using an SQL relational database, and providing immediate write consistency. The method includes receiving a transaction request from a client served by the distributed storage system and requesting local priority messages from a plurality of receiver nodes in the distributed storage system. A global priority message, including a global priority value and the requested transaction, is then sent to the receiver nodes. Return codes from each receiver node are then processed to determine the status of the requested transaction at each receiver node. Other example embodiments include a method and computer program product that process a request priority message, processing a global priority message including a requested transaction and apply the requested transaction.

Abstract: Provided are cortical interneurons and other neuronal cells and in vitro methods for producing such cortical interneurons and other neuronal cells by the directed differentiation of stem cells and neuronal progenitor cells. The present disclosure relates to novel methods of in vitro differentiation of stem cells and neural progenitor cells to produce several type neuronal cells and their precursor cells, including cortical interneurons, hypothalamic neurons and pre-optic cholinergic neurons. The present disclose describes the derivation of these cells via inhibiting SMAD and Wnt signaling pathways and activating SHH signaling pathway. The present disclosure relates to the novel discovery that the timing and duration of SHH activation can be harnessed to direct controlled differentiation of neural progenitor cells into either cortical interneurons, hypothalamic neurons or pre-optic cholinergic neurons.

Abstract: A display device to display a representation of a set of states, each one of the states being associated with a corresponding variable. Each of the states displayed is designated as being a most significant state for the corresponding variable. Input representing a probability estimate to be associated with a displayed state is entered and used to generate data for use in an expert system.

Abstract: A system for displaying time-based events on a time line is described. A first timeline unit (1) displays a first timeline showing a first plurality of events within a first time segment (3) bounded by a first begin time and a first end time. A second timeline unit (2) displays a second timeline showing a second plurality of events within a second time segment (4) bounded by a second begin time and a second end time, wherein the first timeline and the second timeline are displayed in the same scale. An interaction unit (5) enables a user to indicate a change to the displayed time segments (3, 4). A time segment updater (6) determines an updated first time segment (3) and an updated second time segment (4) based on the indicated change, keeping the scale of the first timeline equal to the scale of the second timeline, and keeping an offset between the first time segment (3) and the second time segment (4) constant.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of isolating a purified or enriched population of cortical or striatal immature interneuron progenitor cells and the isolated purified or enriched population of immature interneuron progenitor cells. Methods of treating a condition mediated by a loss or deficiency of interneuron function using the purified or enriched population of immature interneuron progenitor cells are also disclosed.

Abstract: A display device to display a representation of a set of states, each one of the states being associated with a corresponding variable. Each of the states displayed is designated as being a most significant state for the corresponding variable. Input representing a probability estimate to be associated with a displayed state is entered and used to generate data for use in an expert system.

Abstract: A multilayer construction that includes a first layer that includes water sensitive thermoplastic polymer and a second layer disposed on the first layer, the second layer including superabsorbent polymer.

Abstract: Ascorbyl phosphate is stabilized against degradation by phosphatases by coating with a lipid.

Abstract: An aqueous composition that includes a) aqueous hydroxy functional, carboxy functional polymer including the reaction product of at least 5% by weight ?,?-ethylenically unsaturated hydroxy monomer, at least 30% by weight ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer, from 0% by weight to less than 50% by weight ?,?-ethylenically unsaturated nonhydroxy functional, noncarboxy functional monomer, and chain transfer agent, and b) condensation accelerator, and articles that include a nonwoven web including glass fibers, and cured aqueous binder composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a crosslinked aqueous solution polymer composition consisting of about 15 wt-% to about 50 wt-% of at least one water soluble monomer, preferably an alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer and a crosslinking agent. The polymer solution is sufficiently low enough in viscosity such that it can be applied in aqueous form, yet after crosslinking possesses a fast rate of acquisition and is high absorption capacity. The invention also relates to new methods of enhancing the absorbency of various articles, increasing the humectancy and/or absorbency of a fiber or fibrous matrix, improving the water retention of soil and other agricultural methods, and increasing the open time of cement by incorporating or applying an aqueous superabsorbent polymer composition.

Abstract: A method of locating an assembly point (P) on a first part (40), at which assembly point the first part is to be joined to a second part (1), the method comprising the steps of: determining an assembly location (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d) in respect of the second part; measuring a portion (42a, 42b, 42c) of a surface (43) of the first part, the surface being spaced away from the second part, so as to define the position and orientation of the surface; and, calculating the assembly point on the surface of the first part, where the surface of the first part is intersected by a vector (N) passing between the determined assembly location and the surface of the first part.

Abstract: A system and method for implementation of management processes uses a central controller (2) which processes program instructions to display on a terminal (3) series of activities for achieving category goals. Selection of an activity results in related activity information being displayed on the terminal for verification of implementation. The central controller (2) periodically transmits performance information to the terminal to allow auditing of the performance against the category goals.

Abstract: A method of locating an assembly point (P) on a first part (40), at which assembly point the first part is to be joined to a second part (1), the method comprising the steps of: determining an assembly location (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d) in respect of the second part; measuring a portion (42a, 42b, 42c) of a surface (43) of the first part, the surface being spaced away from the second part, so as to define the position and orientation of the surface; and, calculating the assembly point on the surface of the first part, where the surface of the first part is intersected by a vector (N) passing between the determined assembly location and the surface of the first part.

Abstract: The invention features methods and compositions for the production of GABAergic cells, particularly GABAergic neurons. Production of GABAergic cells is accomplished by increasing activity of a Dlx gene (e.g., DLX1, DLX2, or DLX5) in an immature neuronal cell. The increase in Dlx activity causes differentiation of the immature neuronal cell into a neuronal cell exhibiting the GABAergic phenotype. The invention also encompasses use of GABAergic cells produced by the method of the invention in, for example, identification of agents that affect GABAergic cell activity and survival, and in replacement therapy.

Abstract: The invention features methods and compositions for the production of GABAergic cells, particularly GABAergic neurons. Production of GABAergic cells is accomplished by increasing activity of a Dlx gene (e.g., DLX1, DLX2, or DLX5) in an immature neuronal cell. The increase in Dlx activity causes differentiation of the immature neuronal cell into a neuronal cell exhibiting the GABAergic phenotype. The invention also encompasses use of GABAergic cells produced by the method of the invention in, for example, identification of agents that affect GABAergic cell activity and survival, and in replacement therapy.